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1883年3月17日,恩格斯在伦敦的海格特公墓,用略有停顿的英语发表了著名的《在马克思墓前的讲话》:“正像达尔文发现有机界的发展规律一样,马克思发现了人类历史的发展规律,即历来为繁茂芜杂的意识形态所掩盖着的一个简单事实:人们首先必须吃、喝、住、穿,然后才能从事政治、科学、艺术、宗教等等;所以,直接的物质的生活资料的生产,因而一个民族或一个时代的一定的经济发展阶段,便构成为基础。”
On March 17, 1883, Engels published the famous “Speech at Marx’s Tomb” in London’s Highgate Cemetery with pauses in English: “Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of the organic world, Marx found that mankind The law of history, a simple fact that has always been masked by the lush and complicated ideology: people must first eat, drink, live and wear before they can engage in politics, science, art, religion, etc. Therefore, direct material The production of means of subsistence, and therefore a certain stage of economic development of a nation or an era is to form the basis. ”