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目的探讨新生儿颅内出血的诊断及治疗方法,总结临床经验。方法回顾性分析长春市儿童医院2010年3月至2011年6月收治的43例新生儿颅内出血患儿的临床资料。异常分娩28例(65.1%),出生时有窒息史者33例(76.7%),产伤11例(25.6%)。给予基础措施、止血、镇静、降颅压、保护脑细胞及连续腰穿治疗。结果治愈36例,自动出院4例,死亡3例。32例患儿出院后随访1年,28例发育良好,智力正常;4例合并神经系统后遗症,其中脑瘫3例,癫痫1例。结论新生儿颅内出血与围产期窒息及产伤密切相关。早期诊断及合理治疗可提高存活率,减少后遗症的发生。
Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and summarize the clinical experience. Methods The clinical data of 43 neonates with intracranial hemorrhage admitted to Changchun Children’s Hospital from March 2010 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Abnormal delivery in 28 cases (65.1%), birth with asphyxia in 33 cases (76.7%), birth injury in 11 cases (25.6%). Give basic measures to stop bleeding, sedation, reduce intracranial pressure, protect brain cells and continuous lumbar puncture treatment. 36 cases were cured, 4 cases were discharged automatically and 3 cases died. Thirty-two children were followed up for 1 year after discharge, 28 were well-developed and had normal intelligence. Four patients had neurological sequelae, including 3 cerebral palsy and 1 epilepsy. Conclusion Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage is closely related to perinatal asphyxia and birth trauma. Early diagnosis and reasonable treatment can improve the survival rate and reduce the occurrence of sequelae.