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秦汉魏晋南北朝时期,诸如疟疾、瘴气、伤寒、恙虫病、天花、痢疾、结核病、狂犬病、麻风病以及各种寄生虫病等都较为流行。之所以会出现这种状况,当与频繁的战争和灾害、流动人口的大量增加、地理环境特别是气候条件的差异,以及人们的一些不良生活习惯和习俗关系至密。面对当时林林总总的流行病,时人进行了包括顺应四季变化、注意维护和治理定居生活区环境的清洁卫生、隔离病人和派遣医生巡诊及无偿施药、实施助葬措施等在内的预防和控制举措。这些应对措施体现了三个特点:一是彰显了预防为主的理念,二是重视流行病防治的制度建设,三是注重用科技手段推动流行病的防治工作。
During the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties, malaria, belching, typhoid fever, scrub typhus, smallpox, diarrhea, tuberculosis, rabies, leprosy and various parasitic diseases were all prevalent. The reason why this happens is that with frequent war and disasters, a large increase in floating population, the geographical environment especially differences in climatic conditions, as well as some of the unhealthy habits and customs of people. Confronted with the prevailing epidemic at that time, people conducted preventive and follow-up measures, including complying with the four seasons changes, paying attention to the maintenance and management of clean and hygienic living conditions in residential areas, quarantining patients and sending doctors for doctor visits and gratis drugs, Control measures. These measures reflect three characteristics: First, the concept of prevention is highlighted; second, emphasis is placed on the institutional construction of prevention and control of epidemics; third, emphasis is placed on using scientific and technological means to promote the prevention and control of epidemic diseases.