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依据多年在甘肃定西地区进行的有关提高旱作农田化肥使用效果的研究分析:1.土壤有效水分高低是影响旱作农田施用化肥肥效的主要制约因素。以10％的土壤含水率作为施肥效应的水分临界值。在此临界值以上,随水分递增,肥效越显著,在临界值以下,磷仍有增产作用,氮则呈负效应。不同的施肥处理,水分利用率也有差异。2.采用一系列不同于灌溉农业的施肥技术,依据春小麦的需肥规律和土壤水分状况,确定适宜氮磷比、经济合理的用肥量、时期、方法,位置,尽可能使水肥效应配合,是提高产量,降低成本的关键。
Based on many years in Gansu Dingxi region to improve the effect of dry land use of chemical fertilizers: 1. Effective soil moisture is the main factor affecting the application of fertilizer in dry land farming. Water cutoff value of 10% was used as the water cutoff value of fertilization effect. Above the critical value, with the increase of water, fertilizer effect is more significant. Below the critical value, phosphorus still has the effect of increasing yield while nitrogen has a negative effect. Different fertilizer treatment, water use efficiency is also different. 2. A series of fertilization techniques different from irrigated agriculture were adopted to determine the suitable ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus according to the law of fertilizer requirement and the soil moisture of spring wheat. The amount of fertilizer, period, method, Is to increase production, reduce costs the key.