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自1984年10月至1987年5月,对小兴安岭东北林业大学凉水自然保护区内5.0ha的天然红松林进行了伐前和伐后调查。本文通过天然红松林每木分布位置、伐根年轮数等调查资料,将种群空间分布格局、年龄结构分析方法结合在一起,研究了红松种群结构特征,探讨了其形成的原因以及自我维持的方式。结果表明,天然红松林种群年龄结构不同于一般稳定类型年龄结构特征,其种群内缺乏40—130a的幼树;上层红松林木的空间格局是由一系列处于不同发育阶段林木斑块组成的镶嵌结构,这种镶嵌结构表现斑块间的异质性和斑块内的同质性两方面特征,异质性表现为种群水平结构是由不同发育阶段的林木斑块镶嵌所组成的;同质性则表现为林龄相近的林木呈群团状分布,这些年龄相近的林木群团在生长、发育上表现出相似的动态特征。这种红松种群结构特征形成了种群动态的发展趋势,从整个林分来看,这些不同年龄阶段的林木群团在时间和空间上的重叠构成了整个种群的动态系列,形成了天然红松林的时空结构。
From October 1984 to May 1987, 5.0ha natural Korean pine forest in the Liangshui Nature Reserve of Northeast Forestry University in Xiaoxing’anling was investigated before and after cutting. In this paper, the distribution of natural Korean pine wood per wood distribution, the number of rings and other survey data, the spatial distribution pattern of population and age structure analysis method together to study the structure characteristics of Korean pine population, discussed its formation and self-sustaining The way. The results showed that the age structure of natural Pinus koraiensis forest was different from that of the general stable type age structure, and there was a lack of 40-130a saplings in its population. The spatial pattern of the upper Korean pine forest consisted of a series of mosaic of forest plaques at different developmental stages The mosaic structure shows the heterogeneity between patches and the homogeneity within the patch. The heterogeneity is that the horizontal structure of the population consists of mosaic patches of trees in different developmental stages. The results showed that the similar forest stands in a group-like distribution, and these similar age groups show similar dynamic characteristics in growth and development. The structural characteristics of this Korean pine population formed the trend of population dynamics. From the point of view of the whole forest, the temporal and spatial overlap of these tree species in different age groups formed the dynamic series of the whole population, forming the natural Korean pine forest The space-time structure.