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为了解北京农业废弃物沼气工程建设情况,于2009年和2015年对周边20座典型农业沼气工程进行了实地跟踪调研,同时对工程的运行管理和三沼(沼气、沼液和沼渣)的后续利用进行了全面的对比分析。结果表明:2次调研工程原料都以猪粪为主,与2009年相比,以猪粪为原料的工程持续增加(占调研沼气工程的55%),这主要受到京郊区县的农业养殖规划影响。同时,沼气冬季燃煤加温工程由2009年的16座降到了2015年的10座,其中由太阳能加温替代燃煤的工程由2009年的3座增至2015年的9座。沼渣沼液的固液分离技术使用由2009年的3座增至2015年的5座,多数沼气工程仍未进行固液分离,这主要与工程原料有关,故沼肥农用方式仍限制在简单的果蔬灌溉,高值利用途径缺乏。除此之外,经过政府和地方的不断努力,2015年工程持证上岗人员比2009年整体有所增加。
In order to understand the construction of Beijing’s agricultural waste biogas project, 20 typical agricultural biogas projects around the country were tracked in 2009 and 2015, and the operation and management of the project and the operation of the three marsh (biogas, biogas slurry and biogas residue) Follow-up utilization conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis. The results showed that the main raw materials of the two surveys were mainly pig manure. Compared with 2009, pig manure as raw materials continued to increase (accounting for 55% of the research biogas project), mainly due to agricultural cultivation in the suburbs of Beijing Planning impact. In the meantime, the heating of biogas coal in winter dropped from 16 in 2009 to 10 in 2015, with the replacement of coal-fired projects by solar heating from 3 in 2009 to 9 in 2015. Solid-liquid separation technology of biogas slurry was used from 3 in 2009 to 5 in 2015. Most biogas projects have not been subjected to solid-liquid separation, which is mainly related to engineering raw materials. Therefore, the method of using biogas fertilizer is still limited to simple Irrigation of fruits and vegetables, lack of high value utilization. In addition, after continuous efforts by the government and local authorities, the number of certified employees in 2015 has increased as a whole as compared with 2009.