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社会主义国家的经济转型,以苏联和中国为代表走了截然不同的两种道路,形成了两种截然不同的经济转型模式,前者葬送了社会主义制度,导致了国家的分裂;后者则创新了社会主义制度,实现了全民福利的增进。从转型经济学的角度考察,两种道路在转型模式设计的理论基础、转型方式、价格机制的形成、所有制改革、企业组织形式的转换以及宏观市场经济制度的建设等六个方面存在根本性的差别;进一步的比较研究,对转型深化期的中国建设一个什么样的市场经济,如何科学地推进转型深化期的社会主义市场经济体制的改革,提供了新的理论视角。
The economic transformation of the socialist countries took two distinct paths represented by the Soviet Union and China, and led to two distinct modes of economic restructuring. The former ruined the socialist system and led to the division of the country. The latter was an innovation The socialist system achieved the improvement of universal welfare. From the perspective of transitional economics, the two approaches are fundamental in the following six aspects: the theoretical basis of transitional mode design, the transformation mode, the formation of price mechanism, the reform of ownership system, the transformation of enterprise organizational form and the construction of macro-market economic system Differences; Further comparative studies provide a new theoretical perspective on what kind of market economy China will build in the deepening transition period and how to scientifically promote the reform of the socialist market economic system in the deepening transition period.