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为明确碳晶电热板在日光温室冬季黄瓜育苗中的应用效果,以日光温室正常培养(不加温)和发热电缆(敷设功率为100W/m2)加温为对照,研究碳晶电热板加温对基质温度、耗电量、黄瓜幼苗生长和生理特性影响;以日光温室正常培养(不加温)为对照,研究隔热层在碳晶电热温床育苗中的节能效果差异。结果表明:1)80W/m2敷设功率的碳晶电热板加温的夜间基质温度能达到并保持目的温度(18℃),比对照最低温度和平均温度分别高12.1和6.07℃,比发热电缆处理最低温度和平均温度分别高7.0和3.05℃,耗电率比发热电缆处理的减少34.4%;2)黄瓜出苗时间为1.3d,比对照处理减少4.0d,比发热电缆处理减少2.0d;3)80W/m2碳晶电热板加温处理的黄瓜壮苗指数比对照处理增加144.4%,比发热电缆处理增加46.7%;4)与不使用隔热层的碳晶电热温床相比,使用聚苯乙烯板和无纺布制作成的隔热层的电热温床的日平均温度分别提高2.3和1.9℃,耗电率减少22.6%和21.2%,黄瓜壮苗指数提高50.0%和43.8%。说明碳晶电热板加温是适合我国华北地区冬季设施黄瓜育苗的加温方式,敷设功率以80W/m2为宜;聚苯乙烯板和无纺布是适合碳晶电热温床使用的隔热材料。
In order to clarify the application effect of carbon crystal electric hot-plate in winter cucumber seedling raising in solar greenhouse, the carbon-crystal electric heating plate was heated with normal heating (without heating) and heating cable (laying power 100W / m2) On the substrate temperature, power consumption, cucumber seedling growth and physiological characteristics; solar greenhouse greenhouse incubation (without heating) as a control to study the thermal insulation in carbon crystal electric hotbed nursery energy saving effect difference. The results showed that: 1) The substrate temperature of 80W / m2 layed power carbon crystal electric heating plate can reach and maintain the target temperature at 18 ℃, which is 12.1 and 6.07 ℃ higher than the minimum and average control temperature respectively, The minimum temperature and the average temperature were 7.0 and 3.05 ℃ respectively, the power consumption rate was 34.4% less than that of the heating cable; 2) the cucumber emergence time was 1.3d, 4.0d lower than that of the control and 2.0d lower than that of the heating cable; 3) Compared with the control, the strong seedling index of cucumber heated by 80W / m2 carbon crystal electric heating plate increased by 144.4% and 46.7% higher than that of the heating cable; 4) Compared with the carbon crystal electric hotbed without using the insulation layer, The average daily temperature of the electric hotbed of the insulation layer made of plate and non-woven fabrics increased by 2.3 and 1.9 ℃ respectively, the power consumption rate decreased by 22.6% and 21.2%, and the cucumber seedling index increased by 50.0% and 43.8% respectively. It shows that the carbon crystal electric heating is suitable for heating cucumber seedlings in winter in North China. The laying power should be 80W / m2. The polystyrene and non-woven fabrics are suitable for carbon crystal electric hotbed.