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目的 了解上饶市小学生心理健康状况,为在小学开展有针对性的心理健康辅导工作提供参考.方法 采用自编问卷、小学生心理健康评定量表,运用分层整群抽样的方法,对上饶市4所小学开展问卷调查,用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行分析,收集有效问卷量表3 306份.结果 84.54％的小学生在各分量表和总体表现上均处于正常水平,各分量表检出率依次排序是学习障碍(9.50％)、性格缺陷(5.57％)、行为障碍(2.87％)、情绪障碍(2.36％)、社会适应障碍(1.21％)、不良习惯(1.21％)、特种障碍(0.54％)和品德缺陷(0.27％),总量表检出率1.15％.男生在学习障碍、品德缺陷、行为障碍和心理健康状况得分均显著高于女生(P＜0.05);单亲家庭孩子的情绪障碍、社会适应、品德缺陷、不良习惯、特种障碍和总体得分均显著高于非单亲家庭(P＜0.05);高年级小学生在社会适应、品德缺陷、不良习惯等维度上的得分显著高于低年级学生(P＜0.05),量表各维度存在显著的相关性(r=0.312～0.815,P＜0.05).回归分析结果表明,性别、年级、年龄、不同学校、是否单亲家庭、父亲职业是影响小学生心理健康状况的影响因素,调整R2=0.013,F=6.147,P＜0.05.结论 上饶市部分县区小学生的心理健康状况较好,学习障碍和性格缺陷问题心理问题凸显亟须引起重视.“,”Objective To understand the mental health status of primary school students in Shangrao city, and to provide reference for the development of targeted mental health counseling in primary schools. Methods Self-compiled questionnaires and mental health assessment scales for primary school students were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 4 primary schools in Shangrao city using the method of stratified cluster sampling. The data was analyzed with SPSS 20.0 software, and 3 306 valid questionnaires were collected. Results 84.54％ of primary school students were at normal levels in all subscales and overall performance. The detection rate of each subscale was in order of learning disabilities (9.50％), personality defects (5.57％), behavior disorders (2.87％), and emotions. Obstacles (2.36％), social adaptation obstacles (1.21％), bad habits (1.21％), special obstacles (0.54％) and moral defects (0.27％), the total scale detection rate is 1.15％. Boys have significantly higher scores on learning disabilities, moral defects, behavioral disorders, and mental health status than girls (P＜0.05); children from single-parent families have significantly higher scores for emotional disorders, social adaptation, moral defects, bad habits, special disorders, and overall scores in non-single-parent families (P＜0.05); the scores of upper-grade pupils on the dimensions of social adaptation, moral defects, and bad habits are significantly higher than those of lower-grade pupils(P＜0.05), and there is a significant correlation in each dimension of the scale (r=0.312～0.815, P＜0.05). The regression analysis results show that gender, grade, age, different schools, single-parent family, father\'\'s occupation are the influencing factors that affect the mental health of primary school students. Adjust R2=0.013, F=6.1473, P＜0.05. Conclusion The mental health of primary school students in some counties and districts of Shangrao city is relatively good, and the mental problems of learning disabilities and personality defects are prominent and require urgent attention.