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目的了解在校大学生的乙肝病毒(HBV)感染情况以及乙肝病毒表面抗体(HBsAb)水平,为建立学校乙肝防治对策提供参考依据。方法应用ELISA法对7 066名大学生进行乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)及乙肝抗体标志物(HBsAb)检测,并对2007级新生中HBsAg阳性者进行乙肝五项检查。结果在7 066名大学生中,HBsAg的检出率为6.72%,HBsAb的检出率为73.73%,两项检出率于男女之间均有显著性差异。2007级新生与2003~2006级老生的HBsAg检出率分别为5.61%和7.25%,新生与老生的HBsAb的检出率分别为68.07%和76.44%,两项检出率于新生与老生比较,都具有显著性差异(χ2=6.695,P<0.05;χ2=55.888,P<0.05)。在乙肝5项指标阳性中,以“大三阳”和“小三阳”居多。结论新老学生、男女生之间,HBsAg与HBsAb的阳性率都有显著性差异,对乙肝病毒五项标志物检查全阴者和抗体水平低下的学生应注射乙肝疫苗以提高抗体水平,防制乙肝病毒的感染。
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAb) levels among college students in order to provide a reference for the establishment of school-based prevention and treatment strategies for hepatitis B infection. Methods A total of 7 066 college students were tested for HBsAg and HBsAb by ELISA. Five HBsAg positive patients were tested for HBsAg in 2007 freshmen. Results Among 7 066 college students, the detection rate of HBsAg was 6.72% and the detection rate of HBsAb was 73.73%. There were significant differences in the two detection rates between men and women. The detection rates of HBsAg between 2007 freshmen and 2003 ~ 2006 seniors were 5.61% and 7.25%, respectively. The detection rates of HBsAb between freshmen and seniors were 68.07% and 76.44% respectively. The two detection rates were compared with freshmen and seniors, There was a significant difference (χ2 = 6.695, P <0.05; χ2 = 55.888, P <0.05). Hepatitis B in 5 indicators of positive, “Sanyang ” and “Sanyang ” mostly. Conclusions The positive rates of HBsAg and HBsAb among new and old students, boys and girls are all significantly different. For those who check the five markers of hepatitis B virus and those with low antibody level, hepatitis B vaccine should be injected to increase the antibody level, Hepatitis B virus infection.