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在软硬相间的层状岩体中,经常发生岩体弯曲变形和溃屈破坏现象。这种层状岩体的特点是层间错动极发育,层间剪切带的力学强度异常低。这种由软弱结构面分割构成的板状结构岩体,被笔者命名为“板裂结构岩体”。板裂结构岩体在自然界中存在相当普遍。研究表明,在这种岩体的之形分析中,必须考虑其结构效应。本文专门研究了在板裂结构岩体中开挖大型洞室时其边墙围岩变形的破坏规律。文中不仅讨论了这种围岩的破坏机制,还给出了相应的力学分析方法。由于初期围岩应力的扰动,造成这种结构岩体板裂化。因此,它的力学作用规律遵循结构变形和梁板失稳的力学规律。笔者用结构力学的理论方法对这类问题作了解释,得到了比较好的效果。
In the layered rock mass with soft and hard phases, rock bending deformation and collapse failure often occur. This layered rock mass is characterized by extremely well-developed interlaminar movements and an extremely low mechanical strength of the interlaminar shear zone. This kind of plate-shaped rock mass, which is divided by a weak structural plane, was named by the author as “plate-fractured structural rock mass.” Plate-fractured rock masses are quite common in nature. Studies have shown that in the analysis of this type of rock mass, its structural effects must be considered. In this paper, we study the deformation law of the surrounding rock of the side wall when excavating large-scale caverns in the plate-fractured rock mass. In this paper, not only the failure mechanism of the surrounding rock is discussed, but also the corresponding mechanical analysis method is given. Due to the disturbance of the initial surrounding rock stress, this structural rock mass plate cracks. Therefore, its mechanical action rule follows the structural deformation and the mechanical law of beam plate destabilization. The author uses the theoretical method of structural mechanics to explain this type of problem and obtains better results.