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对溢油污染滩涂集中掩埋区域周边水环境进行涨落潮混合采样分析,采用气相色谱质谱联用法检测了16种优控PAHs,分析了其组成分布动态特征,并评价其生态风险。结果表明:∑PAHs浓度范围为ND~148.00 ng/L,平均浓度为50.97 ng/L,远低于我国《生活饮用水卫生国家标准》(GB 5749-2006)规定PAHs总量(2.0μg/L)。集中掩埋应急处置后,滩涂周边水体中PAHs的浓度持续下降,直至12个月后对掩埋污染沉积物二次处置时,水环境中PAHs浓度受扰动影响大幅升高。水环境多环芳烃中共检出萘、苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘等7种单体,其中菲的含量最高,检出率也最高为52%,是水环境中多环芳烃的典型特征单体,与∑PAHs呈显著正相关关系(R2=0.913)。应急处置刚完成时,水环境中检出PAHs以二环(56.6%)和三环(38.2%)为主,但因二环PAHs较易挥发降解,随着时间推移,水环境中检出PAHs以三环(61.2%~65.5%)和四环(34.5%~38.8%)为主,且较难降解的四环PAHs比例越来越高。采用风险系数法计算7种PAHs的风险商值,商值范围为ND~3.80×10~(-4),均远小于风险界值1,PAHs对水生生态系统的风险较低。
Based on the mixed sampling analysis of fluctuating water around the concentrated burial area of oil spill polluted beach, 16 kinds of optimally controlled PAHs were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the dynamic characteristics of their composition distribution were analyzed, and the ecological risk was evaluated. The results showed that ΣPAHs ranged from ND to 148.00 ng / L with an average concentration of 50.97 ng / L, which was much lower than the total amount of PAHs (2.0 μg / L) regulated by China National Standard for Drinking-water Health (GB 5749-2006) ). Concentration of PAHs in the water around the beach continued to decrease after the concentrated landfill emergency treatment. The PAHs concentration in the water environment was greatly affected by the disturbance until the secondary disposal of the buried pollutant sediments after 12 months. In the water environment PAHs, seven kinds of monomers such as naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene were detected in the PAHs. Among them, the phenanthrene content was the highest and the highest detection rate was 52% The typical characteristic monomer, and ΣPAHs showed a significant positive correlation (R2 = 0.913). Immediately after the emergency response, the PAHs detected in water environment were mainly bicyclic (56.6%) and tricyclic (38.2%), but PAHs were more volatile and degraded in the second ring, and PAHs were detected in the water environment Tricyclic (61.2% -65.5%) and tetracyclic (34.5% -38.8%) are the main sources of tetracyclic PAHs, which are more difficult to be degraded. The risk quotient of seven kinds of PAHs was calculated by using the risk coefficient method. The range of the trade value ranged from ND to 3.80 × 10 ~ (-4), both of which were far less than the risk threshold of 1. The risk of PAHs to aquatic ecosystems was low.