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德国的社会市场经济体制,是建立在费赖堡学派和新自由主义学派的理论基础之上的。战后,路德维希·艾哈德创建并领导了这个新的经济制度,根据艾哈德的主张,社会市场经济“是一种以自由竞争为基础,国家进行适当调节,并以社会安全为保障的资本主义市场经济。”同许多市场经济国家选择一样,德国没有实行计划经济体制那种部门管理的模式,而是采取了宏观、间接的行业管理的组织形式。 一、行业管理的特点 从定性角度看,社会市场经济是主张国家干预经济的,目的是保护竞争、限制垄断,维持正常的经济秩序,有效地发挥市场机制的作用,避免市场的缺陷和不足。从定量的角度看,市场经济要求国家调控干预是适度的、有限的。因此,德国的
Germany’s social market economy is based on the theory of the Freiburg school and neo-liberal school of thought. After the war, Ludwig Ehud created and led this new economic system. According to Ehud’s opinion, the social market economy is “one that is based on free competition and is properly regulated by the state and based on social security For the protection of the capitalist market economy. ”Like many market economy countries, Germany did not implement the planned economy system that the sector management model, but to adopt a macro, indirect industry management organization. First, the characteristics of industry management From a qualitative point of view, the social market economy advocates state intervention in the economy, the purpose is to protect competition, monopoly restrictions and maintain normal economic order, effectively play the role of the market mechanism to avoid market shortcomings and deficiencies. From a quantitative point of view, the market economy requires state intervention is modest and limited. Therefore, Germany’s