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[目的]分析山东省手足口病的流行特征,为制定有效的防控策略提供依据。[方法]用描述性流行病学方法对2011年山东省的手足口病网络报告疫情进行分析。[结果]2011年山东省共报告手足口病病例95 843例,发病率为100.05/10万。其中重症2 194例;死亡9例。报告发病率居前5位的依次为东营市(322.07/10万)、滨州市(267.57/10万)、威海市(210.25/10万)、日照市(196.92/10万)、济南市(126.29/10万)。男童发病率(123.41/10万)高于女童(76.14/10万)(P<0.01)。95 843例中,5～7月占63.79%;≤5岁儿童占93.27%,1岁发病率最高(2 145.77/10万);散居儿童占68.97%。普通、重症和死亡病例平均发病年龄分别为3.43、2.47和2.08岁。全省共报告实验室检测病例7 091例,其中肠道病毒71型、柯萨奇病毒A组16型及其他肠道病毒阳性率分别为50.27%、30.04%、19.69%。重症病例和死亡病例中EV71阳性率分别为79.21%和100.00%。[结论]2011年山东省手足口病疫情分布广,发病高峰为5～7月,报告病例以≤5岁儿童为主,重症病例和死亡病例以≤2岁儿童为主。EV71是2011年山东省手足口病的优势病原,同时也是引起重症病例和死亡病例的主要病原。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shandong Province and provide basis for making effective prevention and control strategies. [Methods] Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic situation of hand, foot and mouth disease network in Shandong Province in 2011. [Results] A total of 95 843 HFMD cases were reported in 2011 in Shandong Province, with a prevalence of 100.05 / 100 000. Among them, 2 194 cases were severe and 9 died. The top five reported diseases were Dongying (322.07 / 100,000), Binzhou (267.57 / 100,000), Weihai (210.25 / 100,000), Rizhao (196.92 / 100,000), Jinan (126.29 /100,000). The incidence of boys (123.41 / 100,000) was higher than that of girls (76.14 / 100,000) (P <0.01). Among 95 843 cases, 63.79% were from May to July; 93.27% were children under 5 years of age, the highest incidence was at 1 year old (2 145.77 / 100000); scattered children accounted for 68.97%. The average age of onset of common, severe and death cases were 3.43, 2.47 and 2.08 years respectively. A total of 7 091 cases of laboratory tests were reported in the province. The positive rates of enterovirus 71, Coxsackievirus A group 16 and other enterovirus were 50.27%, 30.04% and 19.69% respectively. The positive rates of EV71 in severe cases and death cases were 79.21% and 100.00% respectively. [Conclusion] The epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shandong Province was widely distributed in 2011 and the peak incidence was from May to July. The reported cases were mainly children ≤5 years of age. The severe cases and death cases were mainly children ≤2 years old. EV71 is the dominant pathogen of HFMD in Shandong Province in 2011, and is also the major cause of severe cases and deaths.