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自1977年Rizzetto首次在意大利南部发现δ肝炎抗原以来,对其认识已日渐加深,我国也已经证实有δ因子感染存在。δ因子为一个可传染的、缺陷的RNA病毒,由乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)外壳包裹着一个携带δ抗原的核构成,直径为35～37nm。δ因子的装配、复制与表达需要乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的协助,因此,δ因子只能感染HBsAg阳性的人,同时又抑制HBV抗原的表达。δ感染呈世界性分布,δ因子的感染途径和HBV感染途径相似。在流行区,如意大利
Since Rizzetto first discovered δ-hepatitis antigen in southern Italy in 1977, its cognition has deepened gradually, and the delta-factor infection has also been confirmed in our country. The delta-factor is an infectious and defective RNA virus consisting of a hepatitis C surface antigen (HBsAg) coat with a δ-antigen carrying core and a diameter of 35-37 nm. The assembly, duplication and expression of the delta factor require the assistance of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), and therefore, the delta factor can only infect HBsAg-positive individuals while inhibiting the expression of HBV antigens. δ infection is worldwide distribution, δ factor infection and HBV infection in a similar way. In popular areas, such as Italy