“看不见的手”与“资本家的手”:西方经济思想史的新视界

• 作 者: 丁涛
• 机 构: 曲阜师范大学管理学院,
• 出 处: 海派经济学
• 发表日期: 2015年01期
• 关键词: 看不见的手 资本家的手 机械论 目的论

“看不见的手”贯穿于正统经济学发展脉络之中,它引导正统经济学设计出一套建立在理想状态基础上的经济理论体系。李斯特、马克思和康芒斯等非正统经济学的杰出学者都对“看不见的手”所导致的理论缺陷开展了深刻的批判。在现实的资本主义经济社会中,“看不见的手”只是基于美好愿望的虚构,“资本家的手”才是真实存在的。“看不见的手”实质上是机械唯物主义的产物,不仅严重束缚了人的主观能动性,还往往成为资本家掩饰剥夺本性的工具。非正统经济学可以凭借“资本家的手”这一客观现实,揭穿正统经济学的虚伪面纱并对其开展彻底的批判。

The Invisible Hand runs through the development of orthodox economics and guides orthodox economics to design a system of economic theories based on the ideal state. Outstanding scholars in non-orthodox economics such as Liszt, Marx, and Commons all profoundly criticized the theoretical flaws caused by Invisible Hand. In realistic capitalist economy and society, “invisible hand” is only based on the fiction of good wishes, and “capitalist hands” are real. Invisible hand is essentially a product of mechanical materialism, which not only severely constrains the subjective initiative of man but also often serves as a tool for the capitalist to hide his deprivation of nature. Unorthodox economics can expose the hypocrisy of orthodox economics and criticize it thoroughly with the objective reality of “capitalist hand ”.