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一、前言目前在世界范围内正掀起一场新的技术革命,即第四次产业革命。这次新技术革命集中解决的是信息问题。目前以电脑和光纤通信为基础的信息工业正在飞速发展,它将促使人类从工业社会向信息社会过渡。现在一些发达国家科技信息每年增长13％,不久将上升到40％,而一些传统工业的开工率则在逐年下降,唯有以电脑和光纤通信为基础的信息工业在逐年增加。到目前为止,年增长率已超过20％,产品质量指标按数量级提高,成本却按数量级降低,预计到80年代末信息工业可能发展成为世界上第一大工业。近年来光纤通信正以其特有的优越性神速
I. Foreword Currently, a new technological revolution is being launched in the world, namely, the fourth industrial revolution. This new technological revolution focused on the issue of information. The current information industry based on computer and optical fiber communications is rapidly evolving, prompting the transition of mankind from industrial to information society. In some developed countries, science and technology information now grows 13% annually and will soon rise to 40%. However, the operating rates of some traditional industries are declining year by year. Only the information industry based on computer and optical fiber communications is increasing year by year. So far, the annual growth rate has exceeded 20%. Product quality indicators have increased by orders of magnitude, but costs have decreased by an order of magnitude. It is estimated that the information industry may develop into the largest industry in the world by the end of the 1980s. In recent years, optical fiber communication is speedy with its unique superiority