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目的了解电离辐射与晶状体混浊发生的关系及放射剂量对晶状体透明度影响,探索进一步做好电离辐射对放射作业人员的健康防护。方法对全区放射作业人员的健康状况进行调查,同时在医疗机构和工矿企业非电离辐射的工作人员作为对照,并将晶状体改变作为调查重点,结合历年来的个人剂量监测结果进行分析。结果共调查放射工作人员516名(1 032眼),对照组420名(840眼)。放射组眼晶状体混浊率为32.17%,对照组混浊率为5.48%。差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),且检出率随放射人员的工龄增长、累计接触放射剂量的增高而增加。晶状体混浊主要是点状及片状等改变,部位以赤道和后囊下为多见。结论晶状体改变是判断电离辐射损害的重要指标,对预防电离辐射引起人体损害有特别重要的意义。
Objective To understand the relationship between ionizing radiation and lens opacity and the influence of radiation dose on the transparency of lens, and to explore the further protection of ionizing radiation against radiation workers. Methods The health status of radioactive workers in the whole area was investigated. At the same time, the non-ionizing radiation workers in medical institutions and industrial and mining enterprises were taken as a reference. The change of lens was taken as the focus of investigation and the individual dose monitoring results over the years were analyzed. Results A total of 516 radiological workers (1,032 eyes) and 420 controls (840 eyes) were investigated. In the radiotherapy group, the opacity of the lens was 32.17% and that of the control group was 5.48%. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.001), and the detection rate increased with the increase of working age and cumulative exposure to radiation dose. Lens opacity is mainly point-like and flake changes, the site to the equator and the posterior capsule is more common. Conclusion The change of lens is an important index to judge the damage of ionizing radiation. It is particularly important to prevent the damage of human body caused by ionizing radiation.