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运用运动生物力学研究方法 ,对中国与世界优秀女子跳高运动员 (现世界纪录保持者科斯塔迪诺娃以及贝科娃 )起跳技术进行对比分析。结果发现 ,同世界优秀运动员相比 ,中国运动员起跳时身体重心高度较低 ,差别非常显著 ;起跳重心腾起速度上没有显著差别 ,处同一水平。中国运动员表现出助跑 -起跳速度快 ,起跳时间短的特点。起跳过程中 ,膝、髋关节缓冲幅度较大 ,而踝关节缓冲幅度较小 ,起跳结束时起跳腿各环节的伸展不够充分。起跳时踝关节的蹬伸速度远远小于世界水平运动员 ,但膝、髋关节伸展速度较快。另外 ,中国运动员过竿技术存在一定缺陷。
By using the methods of sports biomechanics, this paper compares the take-off techniques of China and the world elite female high jumpers (now world record holder Costa de Nova and Bekova). The results showed that, compared with the best athletes in the world, Chinese athletes take off the body when the height of the center of gravity is low, the difference is very significant; jump center of gravity did not make a significant difference in speed, at the same level. Chinese athletes showed a run-up - fast take-off speed and short take-off time. In the process of take-off, the knee and hip joint cushioned a lot, while the ankle joint cushioning amplitude was small. At the end of take-off, the extension of each part of the take-off leg was not sufficient. Tension jump when the ankle is much lower than world-class athletes, but the knee, hip extension faster. In addition, Chinese athletes have some shortcomings in the past.