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目的:观察大鼠力竭性游泳运动后窦房结(SAN)内细胞超微结构的改变,探讨力竭运动对心传导系统的影响。方法:32只SD大鼠随机分为安静对照组、中等强度训练组、一次力竭训练组和1周力竭训练组。各运动组大鼠力竭性游泳后取窦房结进行超薄切片和电镜观察,观察结内P细胞、T细胞与普通心房肌细胞的超微结构变化。结果:中等强度训练后细胞内肌原纤维与线粒体数量增多;一次力竭训练后结内细胞出现损伤性改变;1周力竭训练后各细胞损伤程度减轻,线粒体数目增多,细胞间连接扭曲紊乱,凋亡细胞增多。结论:中等强度训练后窦房结内各细胞的超微结构产生适应性改变;一次力竭训练后即刻窦房结内各细胞出现较明显的损伤性改变;1周力竭性游泳训练后窦房结的损害程度较轻。
Objective: To observe the ultrastructural changes in the sinoatrial node (SAN) after exhaustive swimming in rats and to explore the influence of exhaustive exercise on the cardiac conduction system. Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, moderate intensity training group, exhaustive exercise group and exhausted training group. The rats in each exercise group were subjected to exhaustive swimming, then sinoatrial node was taken for ultrathin section and electron microscope observation. The ultrastructural changes of P cells, T cells and common atrial myocytes were observed. RESULTS: After moderate training, the number of myofibrils and mitochondria in the cells increased. After exhaustive exhaustion, the cells in the knot were injured in the injury. After exhaustive exercise for 1 week, the damage of each cell was reduced, the number of mitochondria increased and the intercellular connection was distorted , Apoptotic cells increased. CONCLUSIONS: The ultrastructure of each cell in sinoatrial node after moderate training has adaptive changes. After exhaustive exercise, the cells in sinoatrial node showed more obvious injury changes. One week after exhaustive swimming training, sinus Housing damage is less.