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目的调查婴幼儿过敏性疾病流行现状并分析其影响因素。方法选取2015年1—3月在黄石街社区卫生服务中心进行计划免疫接种的13~36月龄的幼儿212例,采用自制调查问卷,统计婴幼儿一般情况、过敏性疾病的患病状况并进行相关危险因素分析。计数资料比较采用χ~2检验,采用Logistic回归分析婴幼儿过敏性疾病发生的影响因素,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果本次调查婴幼儿过敏性疾病患病率为30.19%;多因素Logistic回归结果显示,家族过敏史是婴幼儿过敏性疾病的危险因素;纯母乳喂养、鱼油摄入是婴幼儿过敏性疾病的保护因素。结论社区以及医院应加强对婴幼儿合理、健康喂养方式的宣传教育,提倡婴幼儿适量摄入鱼油,从而减少婴幼儿过敏性疾病的发生。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of allergic diseases in infants and young children and analyze the influential factors. Methods A total of 212 children aged 13-36 months who were immunized from January to March 2015 in Huangshi Street Community Health Service Center were enrolled in this study. The questionnaire was used to survey the infants’ general condition and the prevalence of allergic diseases Related risk factors analysis. Counting data were compared using χ ~ 2 test, the use of Logistic regression analysis of infant allergic disease factors, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The prevalence of allergic diseases in infants and young children in this survey was 30.19%. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that family history of allergy was a risk factor for allergic diseases in infants and young children. Infertility caused by exclusive breastfeeding and fish oil intake was an infantile allergic disease Protection factors. Conclusion The community and hospitals should step up publicity and education on reasonable and healthy feeding methods for infants and young children, and encourage infants and young children to take appropriate intake of fish oil so as to reduce the incidence of allergic diseases in infants and young children.