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地下水位过高(超过临界深度),是造成土壤盐碱化的重要原因。为了防止地下水位升高,目前除采取水工措施治理外,生物措施越来越引起人们的重视。实践证明,大搞植树造林,特别沿沟渠营造农田林网,不仅能改善农田小气候,减少蒸发,更重要的是通过林木蒸腾作用,能够降低地下水位,对于抑制土壤返盐,促进脱盐,防止土壤次生盐渍化,起着十分重要的作用。我们自1977年开始,在禹城改碱实验区观测了林木蒸腾对地下水位的影响。现将试验结果、观测方法与结果分述如下.
Groundwater level is too high (more than the critical depth), is an important reason for soil salinization. In order to prevent the rise of groundwater level, biological measures have drawn more and more attention nowadays, except for the adoption of hydraulic measures. Practice has proved that vigorously afforestation, especially along the ditch to create farmland forest network, not only can improve the microclimate of farmland, reduce evaporation, more importantly, through the transpiration of trees, can reduce the groundwater level, to restrain salt return to the soil, to promote desalination, to prevent soil Secondary salinization, plays a very important role. Since 1977, we have observed the impact of forest transpiration on the groundwater level in the Alkali-modifying Experimental Zone in Yucheng. Now the test results, observation methods and results are described below.