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目的了解城乡维吾尔族小学生身体形态发育状况,为改善维吾尔族小学生体质健康水平提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,于2010年和2012年对新疆和田地区7 200名维吾尔族小学生身高、体重、胸围和腰围等身体形态指标进行分析。结果 2010年和2012年城乡学生身体形态指标均随年龄增长而增长;2012年与2010年比较,维吾尔族小学生身高和体重均值有不同程度提高,身高和体重增长平均值城市男生为0.53 cm和1.51 kg,城市女生为1.42 cm和1.87 kg,乡村男生为0.5 cm和1.68 kg,乡村女生为1.19 cm和2 kg;胸围平均值除了乡村女生下降0.07 cm外,城市男、女生和乡村男生增长值分别为0.54、0.66和1.07 cm;腰围平均值城市男、女生和乡村男、女生下降分别为0.27、0.58、0.1和0.8 cm,仍然存在城乡差距,总体水平城市高于乡村,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论维吾尔族小学生身体形态生长水平随年龄增长而增长,身体形态生长发育存在城乡差异,城市男女生身体形态指标均高于乡村。
Objective To understand the physical and mental development of Uygur pupils in urban and rural areas and to provide basis for improving the physical health of Uighur pupils. Methods The stratified random cluster sampling method was used to analyze the body shape indexes such as height, weight, chest circumference and waist circumference of 7 200 Uygur children in Hetian area in 2010 and 2012. Results The body shape indexes of urban and rural students increased with age in 2010 and 2012. Compared with 2010, the average height and weight of Uygur pupils increased to some extent. The mean height and weight gain of urban boys were 0.53 cm and 1.51 kg, 1.42 cm and 1.87 kg for urban girls, 0.5 cm and 1.68 kg for rural boys, and 1.19 cm and 2 kg for rural girls respectively. The average values for the busts were 0.07 cm for girls in rural areas, while the growth values for urban boys, boys and rural boys were 0.56, 0.66 and 1.07 cm, respectively. The average waist circumference of male and female boys and girls decreased by 0.27, 0.58, 0.1 and 0.8 cm respectively. There was still a gap between urban and rural areas, and the overall level of urban areas was higher than that of rural areas with statistical differences Significance (all P <0.05). Conclusion The growth of body shape of Uygur pupils increases with age. There is a difference between urban and rural areas in the growth and development of body shape. The body shape indexes of urban boys and girls are higher than those in rural areas.