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本文的目的是用热力学分析方法来研究城市固体废弃物的气化特性。该热力学分析方法假设气化反应均达到热力学平衡条件,而不考虑反应器和过程特点。首先,我们选取了7种城市固体废弃物(包括厨余垃圾、木材、纸张、纺织品、橡胶、无氯塑料和聚氯乙烯),作为水蒸气气化过程的原料,水蒸气温度为973～2273 K,水气比为1～5。研究发现,水气比对气化性质的影响与水蒸气温度对气化性质的影响基本相同。7种城市固体废弃物之间的不同主要是由它们的组成不同引起的。接下来,我们用该热力学平衡模型对实际城市固体废弃物的气化进行了分析。研究发现,由于无机物主要影响反应器温度,因此可以将城市固体废弃物中的无机物当作SiO_2或者Al_2O_3进行简化处理。我们采用水蒸气、氢气和空气作为气化介质,详细考察了其气体产物的组成,以便根据需要选取处理城市固体废弃物的气化介质。
The purpose of this paper is to study the gasification characteristics of municipal solid waste using thermodynamic analysis. This thermodynamic analysis method assumes that the gasification reaction reaches the thermodynamic equilibrium conditions regardless of the reactor and the process characteristics. First of all, we selected seven kinds of municipal solid waste (including kitchen waste, wood, paper, textiles, rubber, chlorine-free plastic and polyvinyl chloride) as the raw material for steam gasification process, steam temperature is 973 ~ 2273 K, water vapor ratio of 1 to 5. The study found that the effect of vapor-gas ratio on gasification properties and vapor temperature on gasification properties are basically the same. The differences between the seven types of municipal solid waste are mainly caused by their compositional differences. Next, we use this thermodynamic equilibrium model to analyze the actual municipal solid waste gasification. The study found that inorganic matters in urban solid waste can be treated as SiO 2 or Al 2 O 3 in a simplified manner, since inorganics primarily affect the reactor temperature. We use water vapor, hydrogen and air as the gasification medium, a detailed examination of the gas product composition, in order to select the appropriate treatment of municipal solid waste gasification medium.