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目的了解合肥市城乡孕妇碘营养状况,为孕妇孕期补碘提供科学依据。方法整群抽样方法抽取合肥市包河区和长丰县罗塘镇为调查点,采用方便抽样方法抽取孕妇,了解孕妇碘营养情况,对碘盐合格率、水碘浓度、尿碘浓度以及促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH),游离甲状腺素(free thyroxine,FT4),游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(free triiodothyronine,FT3),总甲状腺素(total thyroxine,TT4)和总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(total-triiodothyronine,TT3)等指标进行分析。结果调查显示碘盐合格率城区98.1%、农村97.9%;水碘浓度城区中位数分别为4.5μg/L、农村10.3μg/L,2组差异有统计学意义;尿碘浓度中位数为161.8μg/L,总体水平偏低,其中城区142.5μg/L,农村196.5μg/L,2组差异有统计学意义;FT4、TT4和TT3显示城区与农村之间差异有统计学意义。Logistic回归分析显示中重强度的体力劳动和经常吃海产品是碘营养高于适宜水平的危险因素。结论合肥市城乡孕妇碘营养总体水平不良,其中43.8%的孕妇处于不足水平,24.5%的孕妇处于超适宜水平,应引起高度重视。总体看农村碘营养水平稍好于城区。
Objective To understand the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in urban and rural areas in Hefei and to provide a scientific basis for pregnant women to supplement iodine during pregnancy. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select BaoTang District of Hefei and LuoTong Town of Changfeng County as the investigation points. The pregnant women were drawn by convenient sampling method to understand the iodine nutrition of pregnant women. The iodized salt compliance, water iodine concentration, urinary iodine concentration and thyroid Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total thyroxine (TT4) and total triiodothyronine (total-triiodothyronine, TT3) and other indicators for analysis. Results The survey showed that the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.1% in urban area and 97.9% in rural area. The urban median of water iodine concentration was 4.5 μg / L and rural area was 10.3 μg / L, respectively. The median of urinary iodine concentration was 161.8 μg / L, the overall level was low, with 142.5 μg / L in urban area and 196.5 μg / L in rural area. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. FT4, TT4 and TT3 showed significant differences between urban areas and rural areas. Logistic regression analysis showed that moderate-to-severe physical labor and regular consumption of seafood are risk factors for iodine nutrition above appropriate levels. Conclusion The overall level of iodine nutrition of pregnant women in urban and rural areas of Hefei is poor. Among them, 43.8% of pregnant women are in deficit level and 24.5% of pregnant women are at ultra-suitable level, which should be paid great attention. Overall rural iodine nutrition slightly better than urban areas.