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冷战结束以来,全球资本积累的无限性与民族国家主权边界的有限性之间的矛盾,越来越难以在霸权主导下通过开辟高利润、低成本的资本积累空间来克服。这是资本主义世界体系的结构性危机,它在亚洲集中体现为经济结构与安全结构的脱节。世界帝国的历史遗产和独特的现代国家构建经验,使亚洲成为决定资本主义世界体系未来变迁趋势的关键因素。中国无论在前资本主义时代还是在资本主义时代,都自成相对独立的世界体系,而不只是抽象的政治实体。这赋予了中国通过内部变革影响体系变迁的大国能力,同时也塑造了其根深蒂固的国家脆弱性。中国现代国家构建的实质是中国与世界关系的重构。中国如果要解决经济社会发展不平衡与国家治理能力不足之间的结构性矛盾,摆脱国家脆弱性的束缚,就必须依托于新的世界体系,而不能局限于对陷入结构性危机的资本主义世界体系进行技术上的修补。“一带一路”倡议正是具有世界体系构建意义的中国现代国家构建战略,它试图将中国的内部变革与亚洲乃至整个世界的可持续发展要求整合起来,最终发展出不同于霸权更替的体系变迁可能。
Since the end of the Cold War, the contradiction between the unlimitedness of global capital accumulation and the limitation of the sovereignty of national states has become increasingly difficult to overcome under the supremacy of hegemony by opening up space for high profits and low cost of capital accumulation. This is a structural crisis in the capitalist world system. It is concentrated in Asia as a disconnect between the economic structure and the security structure. The historical legacy of the world empire and the unique experience of building a modern nation have made Asia a key factor in determining the future trend of changes in the capitalist world system. China has become a relatively independent world system both in the pre-capitalist era and in the capitalist era, not just as an abstract political entity. This gives China the power of a big power that affects the evolution of the system through internal change, while also shaping its deep-rooted national vulnerability. The essence of the construction of China’s modern state is the reconstruction of the relations between China and the world. If China wants to solve the structural contradictions between the imbalances in economic and social development and the deficiencies in state governance and get rid of the shackles of national fragility, China must rely on the new world system and not be limited to the capitalist world caught in a structural crisis System for technical repair. The “Belt and Road Initiative” is precisely the strategy of building a modern Chinese nation with a world system construction significance. It attempts to integrate China’s internal reforms with the requirements for sustainable development in Asia and the entire world and eventually develop a system different from that of hegemony Change may.