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目的了解精神障碍患者家属的焦虑状况并分析其影响因素,提出促进其心理健康水平的对策和建议。方法使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)对2013年10月至2014年7月在沈阳市精神卫生中心住院的精神障碍患者的家属进行问卷调查,并采用logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果精神障碍患者家属SAS标准分平均(57.22±11.96)分,焦虑倾向者430例,阳性率71.67%,不同性别、不同年龄焦虑倾向阳性率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,家庭人均月收入≥3 000元(OR=0.351,95%CI:0.169~0.727);配偶(OR=0.124,95%CI:0.038~0.402);子女(OR=0.259,95%CI:0.076~0.877)及兄弟姐妹(OR=0.223,95%CI:0.068~0.731);复发(OR=0.104,95%CI:0.012~0.911),公费医疗(OR=0.118,95%CI:0.022~0.644)为焦虑倾向的保护因素;心境障碍(OR=1.833,95%CI:1.017~3.305)为焦虑倾向的危险因素。结论精神障碍患者家属的焦虑倾向阳性率较高,提示其心理健康状况较差,应积极地采取心理疏导、干预和宣传教育,维护其心理健康。
Objective To understand the anxiety status of the family members of mental disorders and analyze the influencing factors, and to put forward the countermeasures and suggestions to promote their mental health. Methods SAS was used to survey the families of mental patients who were hospitalized in Shenyang Mental Health Center from October 2013 to July 2014. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influential factors. Results The SAS scores of family members of mental disorders were (57.22 ± 11.96) points, 430 were anxiety-prone, the positive rate was 71.67%. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of anxiety among different sexes and ages (P> 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that per capita monthly household income was more than 3,000 yuan (OR = 0.351, 95% CI: 0.169-0.727), spouse (OR = 0.124, 95% CI: 0.038-0.402) (OR = 0.104, 95% CI: 0.012-0.911), and public medical care (OR = 0.118, 95% CI: 0.076-0.877) with siblings (OR = 0.223, 95% CI: 0.068-0.731) 0.022 ~ 0.644) were the protective factors for anxiety. Mood disorders (OR = 1.833, 95% CI: 1.017 ~ 3.305) were the risk factors for anxiety. Conclusion Family members with mental disorders have a higher positive rate of anxiety, suggesting that their mental health status is worse. Psychological counseling, intervention and publicity and education should be actively taken to maintain their mental health.