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在554例围生儿尸检中,胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)40例,占呼吸系统疾病之23.4％。其中足月产及过期产儿占多数(共37例占92.5％);死胎死产共17例(42.5％)。孕母有异常情况者占75％,异常分娩占37.5％,其中羊水被胎粪重度污染占45％。尸检所见肺脏大多呈红褐色或呈暗红色与粉红交错的花斑状,气管及支气管内或肺切面可见黄绿色粘稠之胎粪性羊水。镜下全部病例肺片均可在各级细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊及肺泡内见到较多的胎粪小体及角化上皮细胞。围生儿MAS的死亡率仍然较高,任何围产因素引起的胎儿宫内窘迫均可引起胎粪早排而导致产前胎粪吸入至下呼吸道而造成MAS,并不一定要在产后的有效呼吸后才会发生。
In 554 cases of perinatal autopsy, meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) 40 cases, accounting for 23.4% of respiratory diseases. Among them, the majority of full-term and expired children accounted for (a total of 37 cases accounted for 92.5%); stillbirth of a total of 17 cases (42.5%). Pregnant women have abnormal cases accounted for 75%, abnormal delivery accounted for 37.5%, of which amniotic fluid was meconium accounted for 45% of severe pollution. Autopsy showed most of the lungs were reddish brown or dark red and pink intertwined flower spot, trachea and bronchial or lung section visible yellowish green thick meconium amniotic fluid. All cases under the microscope of lung films can be at all levels of bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sac and alveoli to see more meconium and keratinized epithelial cells. Perinatal MAS mortality is still high, any cause of fetal distress caused by perinatal factors can cause meconium early row and lead to prenatal meconium aspiration into the lower respiratory tract caused by MAS, not necessarily in the postpartum effective After breathing will happen.