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大豆花叶病毒(soybean mosaic virus,SMV)病是一种世界性大豆病害,严重影响大豆产量和品质。对2010年采集的鲁豫皖等大豆产区14个县市的383份病毒病样进行生物纯化及血清学检测,得到64个SMV分离物及部分其他病毒分离物。利用一套统一的SMV株系鉴别寄主对64个SMV阳性分离物进行接种鉴定。根据其在10个鉴别寄主上的反应,将其归为13个株系。其中11个株系与以往在该地区鉴定的株系SC3~SC9、SC11、SC13~SC15相同,一个株系是以往在该地区没有发现而在其他地区存在的株系SC17,另外一个是以往从没有发现过的株系,它能侵染广谱抗源科丰1号,为中强毒株系,现定名为SC22。株系SC3、SC7、SC8和SC13目前仍然是鲁豫皖等地区的主要流行株系,其比率分别为23.4%、14.1%、15.6%和10.9%,是抗病育种和品种审定需要考虑的株系。本研究明确了鲁豫皖等地区SMV株系的变化趋势,可为确定当地大豆抗病育种的方向提供指导。
Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) disease is a worldwide soybean disease that seriously affects soybean yield and quality. A total of 64 SMV isolates and some other virus isolates were obtained from 383 virus isolates from 14 counties and cities in the soybean producing area of Shandong, Henan and Anhui collected in 2010. Sixty-four SMV positive isolates were identified for inoculation using a set of uniform SMV strains for host identification. Based on their responses on 10 differential hosts, they were grouped into 13 lines. Among them, 11 lines were the same as SC3-SC9, SC11 and SC13-SC15 which were identified in the past. One line was SC17 which was not found in the area but existed in other areas in the past. Not found in the strains, it can infect broad-spectrum anti-Kefeng No. 1, is a strong virulent strain, is now named SC22. Strain SC3, SC7, SC8 and SC13 are still the major epidemic strains in Luyuwan and other regions at present rates of 23.4%, 14.1%, 15.6% and 10.9%, respectively, which are the strains to be considered for resistance breeding and variety validation system. This study clarifies the trend of SMV strains in Luyuwan and other regions, which can provide guidance for determining the direction of local resistance breeding of soybean.