论文部分内容阅读
婴幼儿肺炎是儿科常见病之一。急性心力衰竭(下文简称心衰),是它的常见合并症。这种合并症常给治疗肺炎增加困难,甚至危及生命,因此,提高其诊治水平非常必要。现结合文献资料,浅述如下。诊断标准这种合并症的诊断,自六十年代以来,一直以第六届全国儿科学术会议所制定的八条标准作为依据。其诊断的要点:颜面、四肢浮肿,颈静脉怒张;面色突然苍白或发灰;突然烦躁不安;呼吸困难,发绀突然加重;心率突然加快,心音明显低钝,有奔马律或心脏扩大;肝脏在短时内增大超过1.5厘米者。20多年来,这个标准一直指导着婴幼儿肺炎合并心衰的诊治。 1984年10月,南宁会议作了修订草案。指出婴幼儿肺炎合并心衰的诊断,要注意心衰前期(肺动脉高压期)的临床表现。如发绀、呼吸困难、心率增快、鼻翼扇动、三凹征明显、烦躁不安、肺部罗音多。此时,即应密切观察:
Infantile pneumonia is one of the common pediatric diseases. Acute heart failure (hereinafter referred to as heart failure), is its common complication. Such complications often give treatment of pneumonia increased difficulty, or even life-threatening, therefore, to improve their diagnosis and treatment is necessary. Now combined with the literature, as follows. Diagnostic criteria The diagnosis of this complication has been based on the eight criteria set by the Sixth National Pediatric Academic Conference since the 1960s. The diagnosis of the main points: facial, edema, jugular vein engorgement; looking pale or gray suddenly; suddenly irritability; dyspnea, cyanosis suddenly increased; heart rate suddenly increased, the heart sounds significantly blunt, gallop or heart enlargement; Liver increased in more than 1.5 cm in a short time. For more than 20 years, this standard has been guiding the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia complicated with heart failure in infants and children. In 1984 October, Nanning meeting made a revised draft. Pointed out that the diagnosis of infant pneumonia complicated with heart failure, pay attention to the clinical manifestations of pre-heart failure (pulmonary hypertension period). Such as cyanosis, dyspnea, rapid heart rate, nose flap, three concave signs obvious, irritability, pulmonary rales and more. At this point, that is, should be closely observed: