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目的 儿童铅中毒具有很大的潜在危害.慢性低水平铅暴露会导致学习障碍及行为问题,如腹痛,失眠,多动,生长发育落后,听力损失,上肢无力.该研究旨在调查神经系统疾病儿童的血铅水平,并与健康儿童作比较.方法 100名患有神经系统疾病的1～10岁儿童作为研究对象.100名年龄和性别匹配的健康儿童作为对照.采用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测血铅含量.结果 神经系统疾病组儿童的平均血铅含量显著高于对照组,差异有显著性(113.2±47.5μ/L VS 84.7±38.0μg/L;P<0.01).神经系统疾病组和对照组分别有44%和19%的儿童血铅超标(100μg/L).结论 儿童血铅水平增高可能与神经系统疾病有关.建议对患神经系统疾病的儿童常规作血铅测定.“,”Objective Lead poisoning is a potentially devastating problem among young children. Chronic low level lead exposure can lead to learning disabilities and behavior changes such as colic, insomnia, hyperactivity, impaired growth, hearing loss and upper extremity weakness. The purose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the blood lead level in children with neurological disorders in comparison with healthy controls. Methods Blood lead concentrations were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry in 100 children aged 1-10 years and suffering from various neurological disorders. One hundred age-and sex-matched healthy children served as controls. Results The mean blood lead concentration was higher in children with neurological disorders than in controls ( 113.2±47.5 μg/L vs 84.7± 38.0 μg/L; P<0.01). Overall, 44% of children with neurological disorders and 19% of controls were found to have increased blood lead levels, i.e. 100 μg/L. Conclusions An increase in blood lead level in children might be related to neurological disorders. The measurement of blood lead level might be included in diagnostic eveluation of children with neurological disorders.