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煤的开发与利用产生的大量灰、渣等固体废物,已成为四大公害之一。近年来为保护环境,积极开展了对煤灰渣的综合利用,然而由于煤灰渣中的天然放射性水平较高,在其综合利用,尤其在作为建材原料时,不可避免地对公众有其放射性因素的影响,现已引起人们的关注,特别是为确保“2000年人人健康”的目标的实现,必须加强对其放射性的研究,以使公众能得到一个健康的生活环境。本文在对四川省各燃煤电厂排放煤灰渣中~(238)U、~(232)Th、~(40)K等天然放射性核素进行分析的基础上,用UN-SCEAR 1982年报告所推荐的计算式估算了各电厂煤灰渣在作为建材建房和筑路、修坝的利用中对公众所产生的最大附加辐射剂量,为最大限度地利用煤灰渣,并保护公众,提供了科学的理论依据。
The development and utilization of coal produced a lot of ash, slag and other solid waste, has become one of the four major public hazards. In recent years, in order to protect the environment, the comprehensive utilization of coal ash has been actively carried out. However, due to the high level of natural radioactivity in coal ash, its comprehensive utilization, especially as a raw material for building materials, inevitably has its own radioactivity The impact of factors has drawn people’s attention. In particular, in order to ensure the realization of the goal of “health for all in 2000,” we must step up its study on radioactivity so that the public can enjoy a healthy living environment. Based on the analysis of ~ (238) U, ~ (232) Th, ~ (40) K and other natural radionuclides in coal ash discharged from coal-fired power plants in Sichuan Province, this paper uses the UN-SCEAR 1982 Report The recommended calculation formula estimates the maximum additional radiation dose that the coal ash residue of various power plants to the public in the use of building materials, road construction and dam repair. In order to maximize the use of coal ash and protect the public, Scientific theoretical basis.