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目的调查手足口病并发脑炎病例,分析诸暨地区小儿手足口病并发脑炎的流行病学及脑电图变化特征。方法收集2012年2月-2015年2月诸暨地区收治的小儿手足口病并发脑炎319例患儿资料,对319例患儿脑电图检查结果进行流行病学特征统计分析。结果患儿发病月份集中在4-7月,以及11月;男女比例为1.49∶1,主要以1~3岁患儿居多。脑电图检查结果正常21例,占6.58%;脑电图显示轻度异常患儿152例,占47.65%;中度异常患儿91例,占28.53%;重度异常患儿55例,占17.24%。小儿手足口病并发脑炎患儿随着脑炎病情越严重,脑电图的异常程度越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小儿手足口病并发脑炎患儿其流行病学表现与无并发脑炎的患儿无明显差别,而脑电图检查能够作为判断患儿病情严重程度的重要指标之一。
Objective To investigate the cases of hand-foot-mouth disease complicated by encephalitis and analyze the epidemiology and EEG features of hand-foot-mouth disease in children in Zhuji region. Methods The data of 319 children with hand-foot-mouth disease complicated with encephalitis admitted in Zhuji district from February 2012 to February 2015 were collected. The epidemiological characteristics of 319 children with EEG were analyzed. Results The incidence of children in the month focused on April to July, and November; male to female ratio was 1.49: 1, mainly in children aged 1-3 years. EEG examination results were normal in 21 cases, accounting for 6.58%; EEG showed mild abnormalities in 152 cases, accounting for 47.65%; moderate abnormalities in 91 cases, accounting for 28.53%; severe abnormalities in 55 cases, accounting for 17.24 %. Children with hand, foot and mouth disease complicated with encephalitis Children with encephalitis more serious disease, the higher the abnormal EEG, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Children with HFMD and encephalitis have no significant difference in their epidemiological features between children with and without encephalitis, and EEG can be used as one of the important indicators to judge the severity of children’s disease.