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目的 掌握重庆市沙门菌菌型种类及药物耐药特征,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法 确定监测病例的定义及监测点,对在医疗机构就诊的腹泻病例和腹泻病暴发疫情中的腹泻病例进行沙门菌监测。结果 2007-2009年共监测沙门菌病例162例,19种血清型,夏秋季为发病高峰,血清型以鼠伤寒和肠炎沙门菌为主。25起腹泻病暴发疫情均为沙门菌感染,其中11起疫情患者发病前食用了凉拌皮蛋,临床表现以腹泻,伴发热、腹痛为主。结论 鼠伤寒沙门菌致泻性较为严重,而肠炎沙门菌感染发热、腹痛症状明显。19种血清型沙门菌对头孢噻肟均敏感,对萘啶酮酸耐药率最高。加强食品的监督管理和改变食用方式是降低发病的重要干预措施。
Objective To master the types of Salmonella in Chongqing and the characteristics of drug resistance, and provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods The definition of monitoring cases and monitoring points were determined. Salmonella surveillance was conducted on cases of diarrhea in medical institutions and diarrhea outbreaks. Results A total of 162 Salmonella cases and 19 serogroups were monitored during 2007-2009, with peak incidence in summer and autumn. Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enterica were the most common serotypes. Outbreaks of 25 cases of diarrheal diseases were Salmonella infections, of which 11 cases before the onset of epidemic eaten salad preserved eggs, clinical manifestations of diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain based. Conclusion Salmonella typhimurium diarrhea is more serious, but Salmonella enteritidis infection is hot and the symptoms of abdominal pain are obvious. Nineteen serotypes of Salmonella were sensitive to cefotaxime and the most resistant to nalidixic acid. To strengthen the supervision and management of food and change the mode of consumption is to reduce the incidence of important interventions.