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费希特提出的道德就是人的独立性命题,在伦理学思想史上是独创。由于人不仅独立于自然界且独立于自己的冲动,人在理想和理智的指导下按照道德规律的要求,通过反思驾驭和控制自然冲动,追求精神完美。因此,费希特看到仅依靠个人无法实现自我,必须依靠他人、社会、教会和国家实现自我的独立性。为此,他构建了一个理想国即学术共同体作为保证人实现独立性的家园。实际上,该学术共同体就是解决国家、社会与个
The morality proposed by Fichte is the proposition of human independence and is original in the history of ethics. Since man is not only independent of nature and independent of his own impulse, under the guidance of idealism and rationality, people follow the requirements of moral law through reflection and control the impulse of nature to pursue spiritual perfection. Therefore, Fichte saw that relying solely on individuals to achieve self-reliance must rely on the independence of others, society, churches and nations. To this end, he built a dreamland or academic community as a guarantor to achieve their independence home. In fact, the academic community is to solve the country, society and individual