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高考单项填空题考查考生在句子层次上对语法、词汇和习语的掌握情况。NMET2005年分含听力卷和非含听力卷,两套试题设计遵循了“以能力立意的原则”,注重考查基础知识在语境中的理解与运用,具有以下几个特点:(保留原题号,6-20为非含听力卷,21-35为含听力卷)
一、重点突出
和以往一样,今年考查的重点主要集中在以下几点:
1. 和近几年单项填空题一样,今年和动词有关的内容仍为考查重点。
(1)非谓语动词 今年两套试题中非谓语动词共4题,且均与现在分词做状语有关。
17. _____ ,the more expensive the camera,the better its quality.
A. General speakingB. Speaking general
C. Generally speakingD. Speaking generally
解析答案C。 Generally speaking 为分词的固定用法,作插入语,说明整个句子。
18. While watching television,__________.
A. the doorbell rang
B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. we heard the doorbell rings
解析答案C。当分词做状语的时候，它的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
20.“You can’t catch me!”Janet shouted,____away.
A. runB. runningC. to run D. ran
解析 答案B。v-ing 形式做状语，表示伴随的情况。
32． The storm left,______ a lot of damage to this area.
A． caused B． to have caused
C． to cause D． having caused
解析 答案D。v-ing 形式做状语,表示结果。
(2) 动词的时态和语态
7. Listen to the two girls by the window.What language___?
A. did they speak B. were they speaking
C. are they speaking D.have they been speaking
解析 答案C。依据语境,表示正在进行的动作。
8. ---Did you tell Julia about the result?
---Oh,no,I forgot. I_____her now.
A. will be calling B. will call
C. call D. am to call
解析 答案B。依据语境,句中虽有now,却表示将来的动作。
28．---What would you do if it_____tomorrow ?
---We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready.
A． rainB． rainsC． will rain D． is raining
解析 答案B。在条件和时间状语从句中,通常用一般现在时表示一个将来的动作。
33． The hero’s story______ differently in the newspapers.
A． was reported B． was reporting
C． reports D． reported
解析 答案A。该句为一般过去时的被动语态。
34． The coffee is wonderful ! It doesn’t taste like anything I ______ before .
A． was having B． have
C． have ever had D． had ever had
解析 答案C。句中before意义为“以前”,即从现在算起,故用现在完成时。
(3)情态动词 近几年情态动词表推测的用法多有考查,今年两套试卷均考查了must的非推测用法。
19. John, look at the time.______you play the piano at such a late hour?
A. MustB. Can C. MayD. Need
解析 答案A。依据语境“你必须在这么晚的时间弹钢琴吗?”故用must表必须。
26． Tom, you ______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this !
A． wouldn’t B． mustn’t C． needn’tD． may not
解析 答案B。mustn’t表示"禁止,不许"。
2. 主从复合句主从复合句的考查近几年来几乎年年有,且一般不少于两题,今年也不例外。
9. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s_______I have to wait.
A. in case B. so that
C. in order D. as if
解析 答案A。该句考查状语从句, in case 的意思为“以免”,符合语境。
11. The poor young man is ready to accept___help he can get.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever
解析 答案C。whatever 引导宾语从句,意为“无论什么,任何”。
23． Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game.
A． whyB． whatC． who D． that
解析 答案A。why引导宾语从句,玛莉写了篇那个队为什么失败的文章。
24． I have many friends,_____ some are businessmen.
A． of them B． from which
C． who of D． of whom
解析 答案D。该句为非限制性定语从句,some of whom= of whom some 。
3. 交际用语 今年单项“情景”考查比重进一步加大,虽然有些题型并无对话形式,但每单句的语境仍很突出,强调语言在实际生活中的运用。两套试卷中专项交际用语的考查共3题 。
12. ---Would you like some more tea?
---_____ ,please.
A. No more B. Just a little
C. I’ve had enough D. Yes, I would
解析 答案B。本句为就餐用语。当别人请你吃东西时,如需要就直接回答yes,否则说no,thanks。
21． ---Can I speak to Mr. Wang , please ?
--- _______
A． Who are you? B． I’m Wang.
C． Speaking. D． Are you John?
解析 答案C。本句为打电话用语。打电话中,当你正是对方所找的人时,可回答speaking或 This is…speaking。
31．---Oh dear ! I’ve just broken a window.
--- _____. It can’t be helped.
A． Never mind B． All right
C． that’s fine D． Not at all
解析 答案A。Never mind 意义为“别在意,没关系”。
4. 固定句型 今年两套试卷分别考查了倒装和强调句型。
16. Mary never does any reading in the evening,____.
A. so does John B. John does too
C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John
解析 答案D。此句为倒装句型（ nor+ 情态 / 助动词 / 系动词 + 主语），表示后者也不适合前者。
30． It wasn’t until nearly a month later______I received the manager’s reply.
A． sinceB． whenC． asD． that
解析 答案D。此句为强调句型,去掉It wasn’t…that即可判断。
二、覆盖面广
单项填空是对考生所学基础知识进行全面细致客观的考查的主要题型之一。因此,覆盖面广是该题型的又一特点，除上述重点考查项目外,今年试题中还考查了下列内容:
1. it用法
13. The doctor advised Vera that she should take a holiday,but____didn’t help.
A. it B. she C. which D. he
解析 答案A。 代词 it 指的是上句的意思，由于有but故不是定语从句。
35． The chairman thought______ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A． thatB． itC． this D． him
解析 答案B。代词 it 做形式宾语,真正宾语是后面的不定式。
2. 介词短语
10. We hadn’t planned to meet.We met__chance.
A. ofB. inC. forD. by
解析 答案D。介词短语 by chance 的意思为“偶尔”。
22． No one helped me. I did it all______ myself.
A． for B． by C． fromD． to
解析 答案B。介词短语by oneself 的意思为“独自地”。
3. 形容词、副词用法
6. ---Is your headache getting___?
---No,it’s worse.
A. betterB. bad C. less D. well
解析 答案A。表示比较的关系。
29． My parents will move back into town in a year or____.
A． later B． after C． soD． about
解析 答案C。固定短语or so的意思为“左右,上下”,用于数字后。
4. 动词辨析
14. Before building a house, you will have to____the government’s permission.
A. get fromB. followC. receive D. ask for
解析 答案D。动词辨析题, ask for permission 的意思为“请求某人的许可”。
5. 冠词
15. If you go by___train,you can have quite a comfortable journey,but make sure you get___fast one.
A. the,the B. 不填,a
C. the，a D. 不填,不填
解析 答案B。冠词短语 by train 为“坐火车”， a fast one 泛指一列火车。
6. 不定代词
25． We haven’t enough books for_____; some of you will have to share.
A． somebody B． anybody
C． everybody D． nobody
解析 答案C。依据语境“没有书给每个人”,故为C。everybody (每个人,任何人)。
7. 连词
27． They wanted to charge $ 5, 000 for the car,_____ we managed to bring the price down.
A． butB． so C． when D． since
解析 答案A。依据语境,句意为转折。
通过以上比较分析,我们可以看出两卷的考查重点是相同的,但作为以往重点考查的动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析以及每年一题的冠词用法考查在含听力试题卷中没有出现。
三、难度降低
修订后的2005年考试大纲曾指出“大型考试应降低语法试题的难度”。与往年相比,今年单项填空试题难度下降,没有偏题,怪题,主要表现在三个方面:
1. 试题句子都比较短,没有出现复杂的句型结构,也没有出现较难的词汇。
2. 从考查内容上,几个语言点在同一试题中综合考查的现象几乎不存在。今年试题更侧重基础语言知识的考查，如介词短语、用餐、打电话、交际用语等。
3. 无超纲题。以往每年都出现一两道从不同角度设计较难的题,个别试题超出了考纲范围，今年这种现象已不存在。
一、重点突出
和以往一样,今年考查的重点主要集中在以下几点:
1. 和近几年单项填空题一样,今年和动词有关的内容仍为考查重点。
(1)非谓语动词 今年两套试题中非谓语动词共4题,且均与现在分词做状语有关。
17. _____ ,the more expensive the camera,the better its quality.
A. General speakingB. Speaking general
C. Generally speakingD. Speaking generally
解析答案C。 Generally speaking 为分词的固定用法,作插入语,说明整个句子。
18. While watching television,__________.
A. the doorbell rang
B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. we heard the doorbell rings
解析答案C。当分词做状语的时候，它的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
20.“You can’t catch me!”Janet shouted,____away.
A. runB. runningC. to run D. ran
解析 答案B。v-ing 形式做状语，表示伴随的情况。
32． The storm left,______ a lot of damage to this area.
A． caused B． to have caused
C． to cause D． having caused
解析 答案D。v-ing 形式做状语,表示结果。
(2) 动词的时态和语态
7. Listen to the two girls by the window.What language___?
A. did they speak B. were they speaking
C. are they speaking D.have they been speaking
解析 答案C。依据语境,表示正在进行的动作。
8. ---Did you tell Julia about the result?
---Oh,no,I forgot. I_____her now.
A. will be calling B. will call
C. call D. am to call
解析 答案B。依据语境,句中虽有now,却表示将来的动作。
28．---What would you do if it_____tomorrow ?
---We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready.
A． rainB． rainsC． will rain D． is raining
解析 答案B。在条件和时间状语从句中,通常用一般现在时表示一个将来的动作。
33． The hero’s story______ differently in the newspapers.
A． was reported B． was reporting
C． reports D． reported
解析 答案A。该句为一般过去时的被动语态。
34． The coffee is wonderful ! It doesn’t taste like anything I ______ before .
A． was having B． have
C． have ever had D． had ever had
解析 答案C。句中before意义为“以前”,即从现在算起,故用现在完成时。
(3)情态动词 近几年情态动词表推测的用法多有考查,今年两套试卷均考查了must的非推测用法。
19. John, look at the time.______you play the piano at such a late hour?
A. MustB. Can C. MayD. Need
解析 答案A。依据语境“你必须在这么晚的时间弹钢琴吗?”故用must表必须。
26． Tom, you ______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this !
A． wouldn’t B． mustn’t C． needn’tD． may not
解析 答案B。mustn’t表示"禁止,不许"。
2. 主从复合句主从复合句的考查近几年来几乎年年有,且一般不少于两题,今年也不例外。
9. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s_______I have to wait.
A. in case B. so that
C. in order D. as if
解析 答案A。该句考查状语从句, in case 的意思为“以免”,符合语境。
11. The poor young man is ready to accept___help he can get.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever
解析 答案C。whatever 引导宾语从句,意为“无论什么,任何”。
23． Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game.
A． whyB． whatC． who D． that
解析 答案A。why引导宾语从句,玛莉写了篇那个队为什么失败的文章。
24． I have many friends,_____ some are businessmen.
A． of them B． from which
C． who of D． of whom
解析 答案D。该句为非限制性定语从句,some of whom= of whom some 。
3. 交际用语 今年单项“情景”考查比重进一步加大,虽然有些题型并无对话形式,但每单句的语境仍很突出,强调语言在实际生活中的运用。两套试卷中专项交际用语的考查共3题 。
12. ---Would you like some more tea?
---_____ ,please.
A. No more B. Just a little
C. I’ve had enough D. Yes, I would
解析 答案B。本句为就餐用语。当别人请你吃东西时,如需要就直接回答yes,否则说no,thanks。
21． ---Can I speak to Mr. Wang , please ?
--- _______
A． Who are you? B． I’m Wang.
C． Speaking. D． Are you John?
解析 答案C。本句为打电话用语。打电话中,当你正是对方所找的人时,可回答speaking或 This is…speaking。
31．---Oh dear ! I’ve just broken a window.
--- _____. It can’t be helped.
A． Never mind B． All right
C． that’s fine D． Not at all
解析 答案A。Never mind 意义为“别在意,没关系”。
4. 固定句型 今年两套试卷分别考查了倒装和强调句型。
16. Mary never does any reading in the evening,____.
A. so does John B. John does too
C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John
解析 答案D。此句为倒装句型（ nor+ 情态 / 助动词 / 系动词 + 主语），表示后者也不适合前者。
30． It wasn’t until nearly a month later______I received the manager’s reply.
A． sinceB． whenC． asD． that
解析 答案D。此句为强调句型,去掉It wasn’t…that即可判断。
二、覆盖面广
单项填空是对考生所学基础知识进行全面细致客观的考查的主要题型之一。因此,覆盖面广是该题型的又一特点，除上述重点考查项目外,今年试题中还考查了下列内容:
1. it用法
13. The doctor advised Vera that she should take a holiday,but____didn’t help.
A. it B. she C. which D. he
解析 答案A。 代词 it 指的是上句的意思，由于有but故不是定语从句。
35． The chairman thought______ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A． thatB． itC． this D． him
解析 答案B。代词 it 做形式宾语,真正宾语是后面的不定式。
2. 介词短语
10. We hadn’t planned to meet.We met__chance.
A. ofB. inC. forD. by
解析 答案D。介词短语 by chance 的意思为“偶尔”。
22． No one helped me. I did it all______ myself.
A． for B． by C． fromD． to
解析 答案B。介词短语by oneself 的意思为“独自地”。
3. 形容词、副词用法
6. ---Is your headache getting___?
---No,it’s worse.
A. betterB. bad C. less D. well
解析 答案A。表示比较的关系。
29． My parents will move back into town in a year or____.
A． later B． after C． soD． about
解析 答案C。固定短语or so的意思为“左右,上下”,用于数字后。
4. 动词辨析
14. Before building a house, you will have to____the government’s permission.
A. get fromB. followC. receive D. ask for
解析 答案D。动词辨析题, ask for permission 的意思为“请求某人的许可”。
5. 冠词
15. If you go by___train,you can have quite a comfortable journey,but make sure you get___fast one.
A. the,the B. 不填,a
C. the，a D. 不填,不填
解析 答案B。冠词短语 by train 为“坐火车”， a fast one 泛指一列火车。
6. 不定代词
25． We haven’t enough books for_____; some of you will have to share.
A． somebody B． anybody
C． everybody D． nobody
解析 答案C。依据语境“没有书给每个人”,故为C。everybody (每个人,任何人)。
7. 连词
27． They wanted to charge $ 5, 000 for the car,_____ we managed to bring the price down.
A． butB． so C． when D． since
解析 答案A。依据语境,句意为转折。
通过以上比较分析,我们可以看出两卷的考查重点是相同的,但作为以往重点考查的动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析以及每年一题的冠词用法考查在含听力试题卷中没有出现。
三、难度降低
修订后的2005年考试大纲曾指出“大型考试应降低语法试题的难度”。与往年相比,今年单项填空试题难度下降,没有偏题,怪题,主要表现在三个方面:
1. 试题句子都比较短,没有出现复杂的句型结构,也没有出现较难的词汇。
2. 从考查内容上,几个语言点在同一试题中综合考查的现象几乎不存在。今年试题更侧重基础语言知识的考查，如介词短语、用餐、打电话、交际用语等。
3. 无超纲题。以往每年都出现一两道从不同角度设计较难的题,个别试题超出了考纲范围，今年这种现象已不存在。