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How neural circuits associated with sexually dimorphic organs are differentially assembledduring development is unclear.Here,w e report a sexually dimorphic pattern of mouse mammary glandsensory innervation and the mechanism of its formation.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),emanating from mammary mesenchyme and signaling through its receptor TrkB on sensory axons,isrequired for establishing mammary gland sensory innervation of both sexes at early edvelopmentalstages.Subsequently,in males,androgens promote mammary mesenchymal expression of a truncatedform of TrkB,w hich prevents BDNF-TrkB signaling in sensory axons and leads to a rapid loss ofmammary gland innervation independent of neuronal apoptosis.Thus,sex hormone regulation of aneurotrophic factor signal directs sexually dimorphic axonal grow th and maintenance,resulting ingeneration of a sex-specific neural circuit.
How neural circuits associated with sexually dimorphic organs are differentially assembled to develop development is unclear. Here, we report a sexually dimorphic pattern of mouse mammary glandsensory innervation and the mechanism of its formation. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), emanating from mammary mesenchyme and signaling through its receptor TrkB on sensory axons, isrequired for establishing mammary gland sensory innervation of both sexes at early development stage. Subulations, in males, androgens promote mammary mesenchymal expression of a truncated form of TrkB, w hich prevent BDNF-TrkB signaling in sensory axons and leads to a rapid loss of mamary gland innervation independent of neuronal apoptosis.Thus, sex hormone regulation of aneurotropism factor signal directs sexually dimorphic axonal growth th and maintenance, resulting ingeneration of a sex-specific neural circuit.