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目的观察抗狂犬病血清的皮肤过敏试验(皮试)阳性率和不良反应发生率,对指导使用抗狂犬病血清提供科学依据。方法按照抗狂犬病血清使用说明书,对被犬等动物咬伤Ⅲ级暴露者400人进行抗狂犬病血清皮肤过敏试验,并对380名接种抗狂犬病血清者观察不良反应。结果 400人抗狂犬病血清皮试阳性52例,阳性率13.00%;抗狂犬病血清全身反应发生率为1.05%,局部反应发生率为12.11%,皮试阳性和阴性者接种抗狂犬病血清不良反应发生率分别为12.50%和13.22%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.013,P﹥0.05)。全身反应和局部反应经及时对症处理0～5d治愈。结论接种抗狂犬病血清安全可行,但同时应做好抗狂犬病血清皮试、接种中观察及接种后观察处理工作。
Objective To observe the positive rate of dermal allergy test (skin test) and the incidence of adverse reactions in anti-rabies serum, and provide a scientific basis for guiding the use of anti-rabies serum. Methods According to the anti-rabies serum instruction, anti-rabies serum skin allergy tests were conducted on 400 people who were bitten by class Ⅲ dogs and other animals. 380 adverse reactions were observed in rabbits vaccinated with anti-rabies serum. Results 52 cases of anti-rabies serum test were positive in 52 cases, the positive rate was 13.00%. The incidence of systemic anti-rabies seroprevalence was 1.05% and the incidence of local reaction was 12.11%. The incidence of seropositive adverse reactions in anti-rabies seropositive patients Respectively, 12.50% and 13.22%, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.013, P> 0.05). Systemic and local reactions by the timely symptomatic treatment 0 ~ 5d cure. Conclusion Inoculation of anti-rabies serum is safe and feasible, but at the same time anti-rabies serum test should be done. Observation and inoculation should be observed and observed after inoculation.