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microRNA(miRNA)是近年来发现的一种大小21~25个碱基的、非蛋白编码单链小分子RNA,它主要通过与靶标基因3′UTR的完全或不完全配对,下调参与许多重要细胞活动(包括发育、增殖、分化、凋亡)基因的表达。近年来关于miRNA在肿瘤领域的研究一直比较热门,它的发现为肿瘤发病机制的研究提供了新的思路,为肿瘤诊断和治疗提供了新的策略,具有重要的实际意义。
In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found in recent years to be small and non-protein-coding single-stranded small RNAs of 21 to 25 bases in size. They are mainly involved in many important cell types through complete or incomplete pairing with 3’UTRs of target genes Activity (including development, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis) gene expression. In recent years, the research on miRNA in the field of oncology has been relatively popular. Its findings provide new ideas for the study on the pathogenesis of tumors and provide new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors with important practical significance.