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目的分析宁波地区不同年龄阶段女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染和基因亚型的分布情况,为预防HPV感染和宫颈癌防治提供依据。方法采用DNA反向斑点杂交技术,对1 085例妇科门诊和住院就诊人群进行HPV分型检测。结果 1 085例女性标本中检出HPV阳性者185例,总阳性率为17.05%,其中单纯高危基因型165例(89.19%),低危基因型15例(8.11%),高危型与低危型混合感染5例(2.70%)。高危型以HPV52(4.14%)感染为主,其次为HPV16(2.67%)和HPV58(2.67%),低危型以HPV11(0.92%)感染为主。各年龄组均以单重感染为主,其次为二重感染。在5个年龄组中,≤29岁女性HPV阳性率最高,40岁~59岁高危型HPV感染率出现一个高峰。结论宁波地区女性HPV感染以单重感染为主,高危亚型的感染具有一定优势,以HPV52、HPV16和HPV58为主要感染亚型。同时也表明HPV基因类型的感染存在区域差异。
Objective To analyze the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and genotypes in different age groups in Ningbo, and to provide basis for prevention of HPV infection and cervical cancer prevention. Methods DNA reverse dot blot hybridization was used to detect HPV types in 1 085 gynecological outpatients and inpatients. Results A total of 185 HPV positive cases were detected in 1 085 women with a total positive rate of 17.05%. Among them, 165 (89.19%) were high-risk genotypes, 15 (8.11%) were low-risk genotypes, Mixed infection in 5 cases (2.70%). High-risk HPV52 (4.14%) infection, followed by HPV16 (2.67%) and HPV58 (2.67%), low-risk HPV11 (0.92%) infection. In all age groups were single infection, followed by double infection. In five age groups, the highest positive rate of HPV was found in women aged ≤29 years and the highest prevalence of high-risk HPV in 40 to 59 years old. Conclusion The HPV infection in Ningbo area is dominated by single infection. The infection in high-risk subtypes has some advantages. HPV52, HPV16 and HPV58 are the main infection subtypes. At the same time, there is also a regional difference in HPV genotype infection.