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采用回顾性队列调查法,对1920例化工机械工人(其中铸造工580例)进行调查,观察时间为15年,共28448人年。选非化工机械工1363人作对照,观察10年,共13542人年,以了解影响该行业,尤其铸造工的死亡原因以厦恶性肿瘤的死亡情况。调查结果为各死因与对照组比无差异(P>0.05),恶性肿瘤占全死因的44.4％,居第一位,但铸造车间恶性肿瘤,尤其是消化道癌与同厂不接尘人群比有差异(SMR4.27、RR3.86、P<0.05)。表明该车间发生消化道癌的危险性有增高趋势,建议对这组人群进行重点观察并建立合理的卫生保健措施。
A retrospective cohort survey was conducted on 1920 chemical workers (including 580 foundry workers). The observation time was 15 years, a total of 28,448 person-years. Select 1363 non-chemical machinery workers as a control, observed for 10 years, a total of 13,542 person-years to understand the cause of death in this sector, especially the foundry workers to mast cell cancer deaths. The survey results showed no difference between the cause of death and the control group (P> 0.05), malignant tumors accounted for 44.4% of all causes of death, ranking first, but foundry workshop malignant tumors, especially digestive tract cancer and non-dust-free population There were differences (SMR4.27, RR3.86, P <0.05). Indicating that the risk of occurrence of gastrointestinal cancer in the shop has an increasing trend, it is recommended that this group of people focus on observation and establish reasonable health care measures.