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目的分析震灾伤员救治医务人员再次应对大地震的心理应激反应,探索构建提高我国震灾救援医务人员心理应对能力的模式。方法汶川地震发生后,对医务人员进行及时的心理干预、灾害医疗护理培训等综合措施。采用方便抽样的方法抽取参与汶川及玉树两次震灾伤员救治的骨外科医务人员作为研究对象进行自身前后对照,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),由心理咨询师采用统一、规范的指导语指导调查对象完成调查问卷,比较分析骨外科医务人员在汶川和玉树地震发生后1周的心理状况。结果同一震灾伤员救治医务人员在参与玉树与汶川地震救治1周后,其SCL-90的各因子均值、因子阳性项目数及心理问题发生率等存在显著差异,其恐怖心理显著降低。结论能够增强医务人员再次面对大地震的心理应对能力,对震灾伤员提供更有效的救援。
Objective To analyze the psychological stress response of the earthquake-stricken casualty medical staff in response to the earthquake and to explore a model to improve the psychological coping ability of disaster medical personnel in China. Methods After the Wenchuan earthquake, comprehensive measures were taken for the medical personnel such as timely psychological intervention and disaster medical care training. A convenient sampling method was used to select the orthopedic medical staff who participated in the treatment of the two earthquake victims in Wenchuan and Yushu as their subjects. Self-rating Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) was used by the psychologists to adopt a uniform and standardized Guidance to guide the survey subjects to complete the questionnaire, comparative analysis of bone surgeons in Wenchuan and Yushu 1 week after the psychological state. Results One week after Yushu and Wenchuan earthquake were treated by the same earthquake victims, there were significant differences in the means of SCL-90, the number of positive factors and the incidence of psychological problems, and the terrorist psychology was significantly reduced. Conclusions can enhance the medical staff to once again face the psychological coping ability of the earthquake and provide more effective rescue for the earthquake-stricken casualties.