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为了解水稻品种抗瘟性及基因聚合改良的情况,通过喷雾和离体划伤接种法对黑龙江省20个水稻品种和16个外源抗瘟基因的抗性频率及6个主要水稻品种含有的抗瘟基因型进行了分析。结果表明,20个水稻品种抗性频率介于10.89%~68.32%之间,垦稻12抗性最低,龙粳40抗性最高;16个抗瘟基因抗性频率介于0~50.50%之间,Pi-sh、Pi-19和Pi-k~m基因抗性最低,Pi-z~t抗性最高;在联合抗病性方式下,龙粳40&龙粳31和龙粳40&龙稻14组合抗性改良效果略好;20个水稻品种的抗性相似系数介于0.24~0.75之间,在0.40水平上将其划分为5个类群;6个水稻品种共检测到抗瘟基因11个,Pi-1基因出现频率最高;在基因聚合方式下,龙粳39聚合后抗性最高,龙稻13聚合后抗性升幅最大。综合分析,供试水稻品种及单基因系品种抗性表现较差,基因聚合方式对水稻品种的抗性改良效果明显优于联合抗病性方式。
In order to understand the resistance of rice cultivars to rice blast disease and genetic improvement, the frequency of resistance to 20 rice cultivars and 16 foreign blast-resistant genes in Heilongjiang Province and those contained in 6 major rice cultivars by spray and in vitro wound inoculation Anti-blast genotypes were analyzed. The results showed that the resistance frequency of 20 rice cultivars ranged from 10.89% to 68.32%. The resistance of Kenao 12 was the lowest and the resistance of Longjing 40 was the highest. The resistance frequency of 16 anti-blast genes was between 0-50.50% Pi-sh, Pi-19 and Pi-k-m had the lowest resistance and the highest Pi-z-t resistance. Under the combination of disease resistance, the combinations of Longjing 40 & Longjing 31 and Longjing 40 & Longdao 14 The resistance improvement effect was slightly better. The resistance similarity coefficients of 20 rice cultivars ranged from 0.24 to 0.75, and were divided into 5 groups at 0.40 level. Among 6 rice cultivars, 11 were found to have anti-blast gene Pi -1 gene had the highest frequency. Under the mode of gene polymerization, Longjing 39 had the highest resistance after polymerization, and the resistance of Longdao 13 increased most after the polymerization. Comprehensive analysis showed that the resistance of rice varieties and single-genotypes tested was poor, and the effect of gene aggregation on rice varieties was better than that of combined disease resistance.