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20世纪五六十年代,中国学术界在研讨明清社会经济史的过程中,提出了“经营地主”论,视其为地主阶级的一个新生阶层。对于这个理论概括是否准确?应否纳入“地主阶级”范畴?几十年来都很少有人提出异议。2005年中国社会科学出版社出版的李文治、江太新著的《中国地主制经济论——封建土地关系发展与变化》,仍是沿用这个概念。随着明清社会经济史研究的不断深入,随着人们理论水平的提升,现在看来“经营地主”的论断颇有问题,似应改为“土地雇工经营主”。
In the fifties and sixties of the 20th century, in the process of studying the social-economic history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chinese academics proposed a theory of “managing the landlord” as a new-born class of the landlord class. Is it appropriate to generalize this theory and to include the category of “landlord class”? Very few people have raised objections in recent decades. Li Wenzhi and Jiang Taoxin, published by China Social Sciences Publishing House in 2005, “China’s Landlord Economic Theory - Development and Changes of Feudal Land Relations” is still the concept. With the continuous deepening of the research on the socio-economic history in the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the improvement of people’s theoretical level, it seems that the argument of “operating a landlord” is rather problematic and should be replaced by the phrase “land-based hiring operators.”