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目的对云南省肾综合征出血热人间和鼠间疫情进行监测,分析流行病学特点,提供防治参考。方法收集监测点本病疫情资料,并在监测县采集人血清以及鼠肺脏和鼠血清作汉坦病毒抗原或抗体检查。结果2008年全省共报告出血热病例20例。主要发病地区为大理州12例和楚雄州4例。2008年在红河州泸西县、昆明市五华区、大理州祥云县、文山州文山县、曲靖市罗平县、昭通市昭阳区和绥江县的居民区和野外共捕获鼠类19种880只。其中居民区以黄胸鼠和褐家鼠为优势鼠种,野外以大绒鼠、高山姬鼠为优势鼠种,鼠间汉坦病毒总带毒率为3.66%(30/819),阳性鼠种为黄胸鼠、褐家鼠、大绒鼠、社鼠、臭鼩鼱,带病毒率依次为3.09%(10/324)、2.45%(5/204)、10.43%(12/115)、10.00%(1/10)、100.00%(2/2)。结论滇中和滇西北地区为本病主要发病地区。调查地区广泛存在以褐家鼠为主要传染源的家鼠型HFRS疫源地,泸西县还存在以大绒鼠为主要传染源的野鼠型HFRS疫源地。
Objective To monitor the epidemic situation of human and mouse hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Yunnan Province, analyze the epidemiological characteristics and provide reference for prevention and treatment. Methods The data of epidemic situation of this disease were collected, and human serum and mouse lung and mouse serum were collected for the detection of Hantavirus antigen or antibody in the surveillance counties. Results In 2008, 20 cases of hemorrhagic fever were reported in the province. The main disease areas are Dali 12 cases and Chuxiong 4 cases. In 2008, 19 species of rodents were captured in Luxi County of Honghe Prefecture, Wuhua District of Kunming, Xiangyun County of Dali Prefecture, Wenshan County of Wenshan Prefecture, Luoping County of Qujing City, Zhaoyang District of Zhaotong City and Suijiang County 880 only. Among them, Rattus flavipectus and Rattus norvegicus were the dominant species in the residential area. In the field, the dominant species were male and female rats, and the total virulence of the hantavirus was 3.66% (30/819) Rattus flavipectus, Rattus norvegicus, Eupolyphaga nigricans, Squirrel and Sarcocarna were 3.09% (10/324), 2.45% (5/204), 10.43% (12/115) 10.00% (1/10), 100.00% (2/2). Conclusion Central Yunnan and northwestern Yunnan are the main disease-endemic areas. There were widespread HFRS foci originated from Rattus norvegicus in the surveyed areas, and there was also a field-type HFRS foci predominantly located in Luxi County.