论文部分内容阅读
目的掌握海南岛兼吸人畜血、偏野栖微小按蚊分布地区的疟疾流行规律和趋势,为全岛进一步疟疾防治提供参考。方法对1980年以来5起由微小按蚊引起的局灶性疟疾爆发流行进行回顾和综合分析。结果由微小按蚊引起的局灶性疟疾爆发流行的规律和5个爆发点特征:分布在岛内不同方位的滨海或丘陵区均与外来流动人口的进入和居住并输入传染源有关,当地无牛或少牛,加之外来人群缺少蚊帐防护,增加了人蚊接触,提高了微小按蚊的媒介能量和疟疾接受性;爆发点的传播强度和传播速率可以达到较高,经采取杀虫剂室内滞留喷洒和集体服药治疗措施可迅速控制传播。结论加强基层卫生组织对疟疾的经常性监测和防治,特别是临时工地或外来垦殖人群的宣传教育和防护措施可能是微小按蚊分布地区控制疟疾传播和预防局灶性疟疾爆发流行发生的主要对策。
Objective To understand the malaria epidemic rules and trends in Hainan Island, which inhabit human beings and inhabitants, disperse wild anopheles anopheles, and provide reference for further malaria control in the island. Methods A retrospective and comprehensive analysis of five outbreaks of focal malaria caused by Anopheles microzoites since 1980 was conducted. Results The epidemic pattern of focal malaria caused by Anopheles minimus and the characteristics of five eruption points: The coastal or hilly areas with different azimuths in the island were related to the entry and residence of migrants and the sources of infection, Cattle or young cattle, plus lack of mosquito net protection outside the population, increased contact with mosquitoes, increasing the media energy and malaria acceptance of Anopheles minimus; breaking point of the transmission intensity and transmission rate can reach higher, after taking insecticide indoor Spill-release and group medication measures quickly control transmission. CONCLUSIONS: Strengthened grass-roots WHO regular monitoring and control of malaria, especially for temporary workers or outside reclamation groups, may be the main countermeasure to control the spread of malaria and prevent the outbreak of focal malaria in areas with small anopheles mosquitoes .