论文部分内容阅读
为了解滴灌施肥是否能够提高水氮利用效率、降低环境污染风险,总结山东寿光设施番茄长期定位试验9季的试验结果,系统分析传统漫灌施肥和滴灌施肥对番茄产量、水氮利用效率、土壤硝态氮残留和经济效益的影响。与传统漫灌施肥相比,滴灌施肥每季氮肥和水分投入量分别降低78%和46%,氮肥偏生产力和灌溉水利用效率则分别提高5和2倍,番茄产量和经济效益分别提高6%和22%,且产量年际变异显著降低。传统漫灌施肥0~90cm土层硝态氮残留量平均高达819kg/hm2,滴灌施肥降低50%的土壤硝态氮残留。与传统漫灌施肥相比,滴灌施肥栽培体系是一个低投入、低环境代价和高效稳定的生产体系。
In order to understand whether drip fertilization can improve the efficiency of water and nitrogen use and reduce the risk of environmental pollution, the results of long-term positioning test of tomato in Shouguang facility in Shandong Province for nine seasons were summarized. The effects of conventional flood irrigation and drip irrigation on the yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency, Nitrogen residues and economic benefits. Compared with conventional flood irrigation, drip irrigation decreased 78% and 46% of nitrogen and water inputs per season respectively, partial nitrogen fertilization and irrigation water use efficiency increased by 5 and 2 times respectively, and tomato yield and economic benefits increased by 6% and 22%, and the annual variation of yield significantly reduced. In the traditional irrigation and fertilization, the residual nitrate nitrogen in 0 ~ 90cm soil layer averaged as high as 819kg / hm2, and the residual nitrate nitrogen in the soil reduced 50% by drip irrigation. Compared with the traditional flood irrigation, drip irrigation fertilization system is a low input, low environmental costs and efficient and stable production system.