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目的通过对信宜地区的尿路结石患者的结石成分统计分析,探究信宜地区预防尿路结石及复发的理论依据。方法 598例信宜地区的尿路结石患者,通过手术、体外冲击波碎石(ESWL)或自然排石的方法留取患者结石标本,运用红外光谱法对结石成分进行分析,统计全部患者结石成分数据,探究分析。结果共检出一水草酸钙、二水草酸钙、羟基磷酸钙、尿酸、磷酸铵镁和胱氨酸6种化学成分。混合型结石类型4类:一水草酸钙+二水草酸钙+羟基磷酸钙104例,一水草酸钙+羟基磷酸钙82例,羟基磷酸钙+磷酸铵镁32例,一水草酸钙+尿酸10例。上尿路结石(545例)成分以草酸钙结石为主(50.3%),其中一水草酸钙32.5%,二水草酸钙17.8%;其次是混合型结石(38.2%)、羟基磷酸钙(13.9%),还有个别尿酸型;下尿路结石(53例),尤其是膀胱结石以尿酸结石(56.6%)为主,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。全部结石成分分布特征均有男性多于女性;尿路结石患者以中年(40~60岁)为主,尿酸结石(膀胱结石以尿酸结石为主)患者以老年人(>60岁)为主,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论尿路结石成分分析对了解结石成因、预防结石形成以及复发具有重要意义。
Objective Through the statistical analysis of calculi in patients with urolithiasis in Xinyi District, this paper explores the theoretical basis of prevention of urolithiasis and recurrence in Xinyi area. Methods A total of 598 patients with urolithiasis in Xinyi area were enrolled in this study. Patients’ stone samples were collected by surgery, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) or natural stone discharge. The stone composition was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. , Inquiry analysis. Results A total of six chemical components, calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate, calcium hydroxyphosphate, uric acid, magnesium ammonium phosphate and cystine, were detected. Four types of mixed stones: calcium oxalate dihydrate + calcium oxalate dihydrate 104 cases, calcium oxalate monohydrate 82 cases, hydroxy calcium phosphate + magnesium ammonium phosphate 32 cases, calcium oxalate monohydrate + uric acid 10 cases. Upper urinary tract stones (545 cases) were mainly composed of calcium oxalate stones (50.3%), including 32.5% calcium oxalate monohydrate and 17.8% calcium oxalate dihydrate, followed by mixed stones (38.2%), calcium hydroxyphosphate %), As well as individual uric acid type; the lower urinary tract stones (53 cases), especially the bladder stones with uric acid stones (56.6%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The distribution characteristics of all the stone components were more than men; women with urolithiasis were mainly middle-aged (40-60 years old), and those with uric acid stones (mainly urolithiasis) were mainly elderly people (> 60 years old) , The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The analysis of urolithiasis components is of great importance in understanding the causes of stones, preventing the formation of stones and recurrence.