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镉离子(Cd~(2+))是一种人体非必需有毒元素,被国际抗癌联盟(IARC)确定为ⅡA级致癌物。概述了近年来在传统仪器检测法的基础上发展的几种生物传感器检测方法,分别为比色法、荧光法、电化学法、纸基法和光学法,具有灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简单等一系列优点。分析了它们各自的原理、技术应用、优缺点以及实际应用中面临的主要问题,并提出了未来的发展方向。
Cadmium (Cd 2+) is a kind of non-essential toxic element in the human body and has been identified as Class IIA carcinogen by the International Union Against Cancer (IARC). In this paper, the detection methods of biosensors developed on the basis of the traditional instrument detection methods in recent years are summarized. They are colorimetric method, fluorescence method, electrochemical method, paper-based method and optical method. They are characterized by high sensitivity, Simple and a series of advantages. Analyzed their respective principles, technical applications, advantages and disadvantages as well as the main problems in practical application, and proposed the future development direction.