核电知识介绍

• 作 者: 秦诒纶
• 机 构: 吉林省电力工业局,
• 出 处: 吉林电力技术
• 发表日期: 2004年期
• 关键词: 质子数 中子数 同位素原子 原子核结构 核子数 质量亏损 核结合能 裂变反应 子由 狭义相对论

第一讲核能浅释一、原子核和同位素原子序数为Z的原子由带有Z个正电荷的原子核和在其周围旋绕的带有负电荷的Z个电子(e)组成。原子核中有Z个带正电荷的质子(p)和若干个质量与质子相同但不带电荷的中子(n),两者均由核能结合在一起,它们统称为核子。最简单的氢原子核仅由一个质子组成。少数情况下,氢原子核也有由一个质子及一个或二个中子组成的——叫作重氢(氘或氚),其化学性质和普通的氢完全相同,只是质量不同。

First, nuclear energy shallow explanation First, the atomic nucleus and isotope The atomic number Z is composed of a nucleus with Z positive charges and around it with a negative charge of Z electrons (e). There are Z positively charged protons (p) in the nucleus and several neutrons (n) of the same mass as the protons but uncharged, both of which are collectively referred to as nuclei. The simplest hydrogen nucleus consists of only one proton. In rare cases, the hydrogen nucleus also has a proton and one or two neutrons - called deuterium (deuterium or tritium), its chemical properties and ordinary hydrogen exactly the same, but different quality.